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Shloka 4

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 165 — Bhīṣma’s Appraisal and Karṇa’s Rebuttal (भीष्म–कर्ण विवादः)

महाराज! प्रचण्ड वेगसे प्रहार करनेवाले इन काम्बोजनरेशके रथियोंके समुदायमें काम्बोजदेशीय सैनिकोंकी श्रेणी टिड्डियोंके दल-सी दृष्टिगोचर होती है ।। नीलो माहिष्मतीवासी नीलवर्मा रथस्तव । रथवंशेन कदन शत्रूणां वै करिष्यति

mahārāja! pracaṇḍa-vegena prahāra-karaṇeśu eteṣāṃ kāmboja-nareśa-rathināṃ samūhe kāmboja-deśīya-sainikānāṃ śreṇī ṭiḍḍikā-dala-sī dṛśyate. nīlo māhiṣmatī-vāsī nīla-varmā rathas tava; ratha-vaṃśena kadanaṃ śatrūṇāṃ vai kariṣyati.

بھیشم نے کہا—اے مہاراج! اس کمبوج راجہ کے رتھیوں کے لشکر میں—جو نہایت تیز اور سخت وار کرتے ہیں—کمبوج دیس کے سپاہیوں کی صفیں ٹڈی دل کی مانند دکھائی دیتی ہیں۔ اور ماہشمتی کا باشندہ نیل، نیلے زرہ میں ملبوس، تمہارا رتھی ہے؛ وہ اپنے رتھ-نسب کی قوت سے دشمنوں پر یقیناً قتل و غارت برپا کرے گا۔

नीलःNīla (proper name)
नीलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माहिष्मतीवासीresident of Māhiṣmatī
माहिष्मतीवासी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाहिष्मती-वासी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नीलवर्माNīlavarman (proper name)
नीलवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनील-वर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथःchariot
रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
रथवंशेनby (his) chariot-lineage / by the chariot-clan
रथवंशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-वंश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कदनम्slaughter, destruction
कदनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकदन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शत्रूणाम्of enemies
शत्रूणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
करिष्यतिwill do/make
करिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Mahārāja (addressed king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in context)
K
Kāmboja (people/region)
K
Kāmboja-nareśa (king of Kamboja)
N
Nīla
M
Māhiṣmatī

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the epic ethic of kṣatriya warfare: leaders assess forces, recognize capable allies, and speak of martial prowess as a duty-bound instrument for protecting one’s side—while also hinting at the grave human cost through imagery of overwhelming numbers and impending slaughter.

Bhīṣma is describing the assembled forces, highlighting the Kāmboja contingents as numerous and swift-striking, and then pointing out Nīla of Māhiṣmatī—blue-armoured and famed by lineage—as a chariot-warrior on the king’s side who will inflict heavy losses on the enemy.