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Shloka 29

पाण्डवसेनानायकाभिषेकः तथा बलरामागमन-उपदेशः | Appointment of Pandava Commanders and Balarama’s Counsel

त्रयो गुल्मा गणस्त्वासीद्‌ गणास्त्वयुतशो5भवन्‌ | दुर्योधनस्य सेनासु योत्स्यमाना: प्रहारिण:,तीन गुल्मोंका एक गण होता है। दुर्योधनकी सेनाओंमें युद्ध करनेवाले पैदल योद्धाओंके ऐसे-ऐसे गण दस हजारसे भी अधिक थे

trayo gulmā gaṇas tv āsīd gaṇās tv ayutaśo 'bhavan | duryodhanasya senāsu yotsyamānāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ||

وَیشَمپایَن نے کہا—تین گُلم مل کر ایک ‘گَṇ’ بنتا ہے۔ دُریودھن کی فوجوں میں جنگ کے لیے آمادہ، کاری ضرب لگانے والے پیادوں کے ایسے گَṇ اَیوتوں کے حساب سے—دس دس ہزار کی تعداد میں—موجود تھے۔

त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुल्माःtroops/companies (gulmas)
गुल्माः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुल्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गणःa group/unit (gana)
गणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
गणाःgroups/units
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्वयुतशःby tens of thousands; in myriads
त्वयुतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्वयुतशस्
अभवन्were/became
अभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, 3, Plural
दुर्योधनस्यof Duryodhana
दुर्योधनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सेनासुin the armies
सेनासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
योत्स्यमानाःabout to fight; fighting
योत्स्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present active participle (parasmaipada), desiderative/future-intent sense 'about to fight'
प्रहारिणःstrikers; assailants
प्रहारिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रहारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Duryodhana
S
senā (army)
G
gulma
G
gaṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how organized strength and massive numbers can accelerate the inevitability of war; ethically, it hints at the danger of letting power, preparation, and pride override efforts toward peace and dharmic restraint.

Vaiśampāyana describes the structure and immense scale of Duryodhana’s forces: three gulmas form one gaṇa, and there are tens of thousands of such gaṇas of battle-ready, striking foot-soldiers within his armies.