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Shloka 19

राजधर्मः—प्रमादवर्जनं, दण्डनीतिः, दुर्बलरक्षणम्

Royal Dharma: Vigilance, Just Punishment, Protection of the Vulnerable

मा सम तात रणे स्थित्वा भुज्जीथा दुर्बलं जनम्‌ । मा त्वां दुर्बलचक्षूंषि दहन्त्वग्निरिवाश्रयम्‌

mā sama tāta raṇe sthitvā bhuñjīthā durbalaṃ janam | mā tvāṃ durbalacakṣūṃṣi dahantv agnir ivāśrayam, tāta ||

اُتَتھْیَہ نے کہا— اے فرزند، میدانِ جنگ میں کھڑے ہو کر کمزوروں کو اپنی لذت کا شکار نہ بنانا۔ خبردار— بے بسوں کی نگاہ تمہیں یوں جلا ڈالے گی جیسے آگ اپنے ہی سہارے کے ایندھن کو بھسم کر دیتی ہے۔

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
समtogether; fully; in close combat
सम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
तातdear one; son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्थित्वाhaving stood; having taken position
स्थित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
भुज्जीथाःyou should enjoy/consume (here: do not prey upon)
भुज्जीथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative (injunctive sense with mā), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्बलम्weak
दुर्बलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनम्person; people
जनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormAccusative, Singular
दुर्बलचक्षूंषिthe eyes (glances) of the weak
दुर्बलचक्षूंषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बलचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दहन्तुmay (they) burn
दहन्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormLot (imperative), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आश्रयम्support; refuge; that which is depended on
आश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one; son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
T
tāta (addressed person, unnamed)
A
agni (fire)
Ā
āśraya (support/refuge, implied as wood/fuel)

Educational Q&A

Even in warfare, dharma forbids exploiting the powerless; harming the weak invites moral and karmic backlash, symbolized by the ‘burning’ gaze of the helpless.

Utathya admonishes a younger person (addressed as ‘tāta’) not to prey upon weak people during battle, warning through a vivid simile that the suffering and resentment of the oppressed can destroy the aggressor like fire consuming its own support.