Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं लोकानामिह जीवनम्‌ | ऊर्ध्व॑ चैव त्रयी विद्या सा भूतान्‌ भावयत्युत,खेती, पशुपालन और वाणिज्य--ये तो इसी लोकमें लोगोंकी जीविकाके साधन हैं; परंतु तीनों वेद ऊपरके लोकोंमें भी रक्षा करते हैं। वे ही यज्ञोंद्वारा समस्त प्राणियोंकी उत्पत्ति और वृद्धिमें हेतु हैं

bhīṣma uvāca |

kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyaṁ lokānām iha jīvanam |

ūrdhvaṁ caiva trayī vidyā sā bhūtān bhāvayaty uta ||

بھیشم نے کہا—“کاشت کاری، گؤرکشا اور تجارت—یہ اس دنیا میں لوگوں کے روزگار کے سہارے ہیں۔ مگر تریئی ودیا—تینوں وید—بالا جہانوں میں بھی حفاظت کرتے ہیں؛ اور یَجْیَوں کے ذریعے تمام جانداروں کو پرورش اور افزائش دیتے ہیں۔”

कृषिagriculture
कृषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गोरक्ष्यcow-protection; cattle-rearing
गोरक्ष्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोरक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाणिज्यम्trade; commerce
वाणिज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोकानाम्of people; of the worlds/folk
लोकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इहhere; in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formtrue
जीवनम्livelihood; means of living
जीवनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीवन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ऊर्ध्वम्above; in higher (worlds)
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
Formtrue
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formtrue
त्रयीthe triad (of Vedas); the three Vedas
त्रयी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विद्याknowledge; sacred learning
विद्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतान्beings; creatures
भूतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भावयतिnourishes; causes to thrive; sustains
भावयति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (भावयति—causative of √भू)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उतalso; moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
Formtrue

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
trayī vidyā (the Vedas)
K
kṛṣi (agriculture)
G
go-rakṣya (cattle-rearing)
V
vāṇijya (trade)

Educational Q&A

Worldly society is sustained by practical livelihoods (farming, cattle-rearing, trade), while the Vedic tradition—especially as expressed through yajña—supports welfare beyond this life and is presented as a cosmic principle that nourishes all beings.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to the king, Bhishma explains the complementary roles of economic activity and sacred knowledge: material occupations maintain life here, while Vedic rites and learning are portrayed as sustaining order and prosperity in both this world and higher realms.