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Shloka 1

अग्राह्य-ज्ञातिसंबन्धमण्डल-विवेचनम् / Managing Unreadable Kinship Networks: Vāsudeva–Nārada on Cohesion

Devanagari script

युधिष्ठिरने पूछा-पितामह! यदि सजातीय बन्धुओं और सगे-सम्बन्धियोंके समुदायको पारस्परिक स्पर्धाके कारण वशमें करना असम्भव हो जाय

Transliteration

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca—Pitāmaha! yadi sajātīya-bandhūnāṃ sage-sambandhināṃ ca samūhaḥ paraspara-spardhā-kāraṇāt vaśīkartuṃ na śakyaḥ syāt; kuṭumbijaneṣu eva yadi dvau dalau syātām, ekasya ādaraṇena dvitīya-dalaḥ ruṣyati eva. etādṛśyāḥ paristhiteḥ kāraṇāt yadi mitrāṇi api śatravaḥ bhaveyuḥ, tadā teṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ cittāni kathaṃ vaśīkartuṃ śakyāni?

Translation

یُدھِشٹھِر نے پوچھا—پیتامہ! اگر باہمی رقابت کے سبب اپنے ہی ہم قوم بندھؤں اور قریبی رشتہ داروں کے حلقے کو قابو میں کرنا ناممکن ہو جائے—اگر گھر ہی میں دو گروہ ہوں تو ایک کی تعظیم کرنے سے دوسرا گروہ لازماً ناراض ہو جاتا ہے۔ ایسی حالت میں اگر دوست بھی دشمن بن جائیں تو ان سب کے دلوں کو کس طرح اپنے زیرِ اثر لایا جا سکتا ہے؟

Word by Word
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पप्रच्छasked
पप्रच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
सजातीयानाम्of those of the same kind/kin
सजातीयानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसजातीय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
बन्धूनाम्of kinsmen
बन्धूनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सग-सम्बन्धिनाम्of close relatives and relations
सग-सम्बन्धिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसग-सम्बन्धिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समुदायम्group, community
समुदायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमुदाय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परस्परिक-स्पर्धा-कारणात्due to the cause of mutual rivalry
परस्परिक-स्पर्धा-कारणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपरस्परिक-स्पर्धा-कारण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
वशेunder control
वशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कर्तुम्to make/do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अशक्यम्impossible
अशक्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअशक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भवेत्should become / might be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कुटुम्बि-जनानाम्of household members/family people
कुटुम्बि-जनानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुटुम्बि-जन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एवindeed, even
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
दलौfactions, parties
दलौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
स्याताम्might be / could exist
स्याताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
एकस्यof one (party)
एकस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
आदरेणby honoring / with respect
आदरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआदर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अन्यःthe other (party)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रुष्यतिgets angry
रुष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootरुष् (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवcertainly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एतादृशीषुin such (circumstances)
एतादृशीषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootएतादृश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
परिस्थितिषुin situations
परिस्थितिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपरिस्थिति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
मित्राणिfriends
मित्राणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवेयुःmight become
भवेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
चित्तम्mind, disposition
चित्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
वशेunder control
वशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कर्तुंto bring/make
कर्तुं:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
शक्यतेis possible (to do)
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
Speaker

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Characters & Entities
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic problem of governance: when rivalry splits even one’s own kin into factions, mere partiality or selective honor breeds resentment. Effective rule must therefore seek methods that reconcile competing interests and win hearts rather than relying only on force or favoritism.

In Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira, seeking guidance on righteous rule after the war, asks Bhīṣma how a leader can manage internal divisions—especially among relatives—when honoring one side provokes the other and even friends become enemies.

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