Shloka 2
अध्याय ७२ — राजधर्मः: प्रजारक्षण, कर-नीति, दण्ड-नीति, अमात्य-नियोजन
Chapter 72 — Royal Duty: protection of subjects, taxation, punishment, and appointments
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच समासेनैव ते राजन् धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान् | विस्तरेणैव धर्माणां न जात्वन्तमवाप्नुयात्
Translation
بھیشم نے کہا— اے راجن! میں تمہیں ابدی دھرموں کا بیان اختصار سے کروں گا؛ اگر تفصیل سے شروع کروں تو ان دھرموں کی انتہا کبھی حاصل نہ ہوگی۔
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
समासेनbriefly, in summary
समासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मान्duties, dharmas
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वक्ष्यामिI shall tell
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular
शाश्वतान्eternal, perennial
शाश्वतान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विस्तरेणin detail, at length
विस्तरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
धर्माणाम्of the dharmas
धर्माणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
अन्तम्end, limit
अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवाप्नुयात्would attain, could reach
अवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes