Shloka 11

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

Devanagari script

ये जो हमारे सगे-सम्बन्धी मारे गये हैं, इनका परित्याग तो हमें समस्त पृथ्वी, राशि- राशि सुवर्ण और समूचे गाय-घोड़े पाकर भी नहीं करना चाहिये था

Transliteration

ye no 'smākaṃ saga-sambandhino hatāḥ, teṣāṃ parityāgo naivāsmābhiḥ kartavya āsīt; sarvāṃ pṛthivīṃ prāpya, rāśi-rāśi suvarṇaṃ prāpya, samagrān gāvaś ca aśvāṃś ca prāpya api

Translation

ہمارے جو سگے رشتہ دار مارے گئے ہیں، اُنہیں چھوڑ دینا ہمیں ہرگز نہیں کرنا چاہیے تھا—چاہے پوری زمین، ڈھیروں سونا، اور تمام گائیں اور گھوڑے ہی کیوں نہ مل جاتے۔

Word by Word

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्माकम्: of us / our
• अस्माकम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Plural

• सगाः: own, close (kinsmen)
• सगाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सम्बन्धिनः: relations
• सम्बन्धिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्बन्धिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हताः: killed / slain
• हताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• सन्ति: are
• सन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• एषाम्: of these
• एषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• परित्यागः: abandonment
• परित्यागः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परित्याग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but / indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• अस्माभिः: by us
• अस्माभिः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• कर्तव्यः: ought to be done
• कर्तव्यः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory)

• आसीत्: was
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• समस्ताम्: entire
• समस्ताम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समस्त
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• पृथिवीम्: earth
• पृथिवीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• राशि-राशि: heaps upon heaps
• राशि-राशि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राशि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सुवर्णम्: gold
• सुवर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवर्ण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• समूचान्: all, entire
• समूचान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समूच
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• गवाश्वान्: cows and horses
• गवाश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो + अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• अपि: even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• kinsmen/relatives
• earth (pṛthivī)
• gold (suvarṇa)
• cows/cattle (gāvaḥ)
• horses (aśvāḥ)