Shloka 13

कालनिर्देशः शोकनिवारणं च

Instruction on Kāla and the Removal of Grief

Devanagari script

शरणागतसंत्यागो भृत्यस्यथाभरणं तथा । रसानां विक्रयश्षापि तिर्यग्योनिवधस्तथा,दक्षिणानामदानं च ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शनम्‌ । सर्वाण्येतान्यकार्याणि प्राहुर्धमविदो जना:

Transliteration

śaraṇāgata-santyāgo bhṛtyasyāthābharaṇaṃ tathā | rasānāṃ vikrayaś cāpi tiryag-yoni-vadhas tathā, dakṣiṇānām adānaṃ ca brāhmaṇa-svābhimarśanam | sarvāṇy etāny akāryāṇi prāhur dharmavido janāḥ ||

Translation

پناہ مانگنے والے کو چھوڑ دینا؛ زیرِکفالت خادم کی مناسب پرورش و حفاظت نہ کرنا؛ ‘رسوں’ (نشہ آور/لذت بخش اشیا) کی خرید و فروخت؛ حیوانی جنس کے جانداروں کا قتل؛ دَکشِنا نہ دینا؛ اور برہمن کی بے حرمتی/ایذا رسانی—دھرم کے جاننے والے ان سب کو ممنوع اعمال کہتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• शरणागत: of one who has sought refuge
• शरणागत: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरणागत
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• संत्यागः: abandonment
• संत्यागः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संत्याग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भृत्यस्य: of a servant
• भृत्यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: भृत्य
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अथ: and/also/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• आभरणम्: support/maintenance (lit. bearing, sustenance)
• आभरणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभरण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• रसानाम्: of juices/flavors (liquids, essences)
• रसानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• विक्रयः: sale
• विक्रयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विक्रय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्वापि: a dog too
• श्वापि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तिर्यग्योनिवधः: killing of animals (those of the animal womb)
• तिर्यग्योनिवधः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिर्यग्योनिवध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• दक्षिणानाम्: of gifts/fees (dakṣiṇās)
• दक्षिणानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Plural

• अदानम्: non-giving, withholding
• अदानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शनम्: assault/insult of a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• अकार्याणि: improper acts, things not to be done
• अकार्याणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• प्राहुः: they declare/say
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+अह्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Plural

• धर्मविदः: knowers of dharma
• धर्मविदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मविद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जनाः: people
• जनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• brāhmaṇa
• bhṛtya
• śaraṇāgata
• tiryag-yoni (animals)