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Shloka 41

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

विषयाणां च दौरात्म्यं विज्ञाय नृपते पुनः । गतासूनां च कौन्तेय देहान्‌ दृष्टवा तथाशुभान्‌,नरेश्वर! शब्द-स्पर्श आदि विषय दुःखरूप ही हैं, इस बातको जाने। कुन्तीनन्दन! जिनके प्राण चले जाते हैं, उन मनुष्योंके शरीरोंकी जो अशुभ एवं बीभत्स दशा होती है, उसपर भी दृष्टिपात करे

viṣayāṇāṃ ca daurātmyaṃ vijñāya nṛpate punaḥ | gatāsūnāṃ ca kaunteya dehān dṛṣṭvā tathāśubhān ||

بھیشم نے کہا—اے نریشور، حواس کے موضوعات کی بدخصلتی اور ضرر رساں فطرت کو پھر سے جان لو۔ اے کُنتی نندن، اُن انسانوں کے جسموں کو بھی دیکھو جن کی جان نکل چکی ہو—وہ کس قدر منحوس اور گھناؤنے ہو جاتے ہیں—اور اس بصیرت سے دل کو وابستگی سے پھیر دو۔ جسے لذت سمجھ کر لوگ پکڑتے ہیں، وہ انجام میں رنج اور زوال بنتا ہے؛ پس خیرِ اعلیٰ ہی کی جستجو کرو۔

विषयाणाम्of the sense-objects
विषयाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दौरात्म्यम्wickedness/evil nature (harmfulness)
दौरात्म्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदौरात्म्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विज्ञायhaving understood/knowing
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
नृपतेO king
नृपते:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुनःagain; further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
गतासूनाम्of those whose life-breath has departed (dead)
गतासूनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootगतासु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कौन्तेयO son of Kunti
कौन्तेय:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देहान्bodies
देहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
तथाthus; in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अशुभान्inauspicious, foul
अशुभान्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअशुभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira (Kaunteya)
K
King (Nṛpati/Nṛpeśvara)

Educational Q&A

Sense-objects (sound, touch, etc.) are intrinsically unreliable and lead to suffering; contemplating the repulsive decay of the body after death strengthens dispassion and supports a dharmic turn toward higher aims rather than sensual attachment.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma urges the king to reflect on two realities—how sense pleasures corrupt and how the body becomes inauspicious after death—so that Yudhishthira may cultivate detachment and govern and live with clearer ethical priorities.