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Shloka 23

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

सक्तमात्मानमीशे च देवे नारायणो तथा । देवं मोक्षे च संसक्त मोक्ष सक्ते तु न क्वचित्‌,बुद्धिका आश्रय तमोगुण, तमोगुणका आश्रय रजोगुण और रजोगुणका आश्रय सत्त्गगुण है। सत्त्वगगुण जीवात्माके आश्रित है। जीवात्माको भगवान्‌ नारायण-देवके आश्रित समझो। भगवान्‌ नारायणका आश्रय है मोक्ष (परब्रह्म), परंतु मोक्षका कोई भी आश्रय नहीं है (वह अपनी ही महिमामें प्रतिष्ठित है)

saktam ātmānam īśe ca deve nārāyaṇo tathā | devaṁ mokṣe ca saṁsaktaṁ mokṣa-sakte tu na kvacit ||

بھیشم نے کہا— آتما ایشور پر قائم ہے؛ اور ایشور نرائن دیو پر۔ نرائن دیو کو موکش (رہائیِ مطلق) سے وابستہ کہا گیا ہے؛ مگر موکش کسی شے پر قائم نہیں—وہ اپنے ہی سوروپ میں قائم و برقرار ہے۔

सक्तम्attached, clinging
सक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसक्त (√सञ्ज्/सज् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मानम्the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ईशेrules, governs
ईशे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootईश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Indicative
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवेin/with regard to the god
देवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नारायणःNārāyaṇa
नारायणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
देवम्the god
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मोक्षेin/with regard to liberation
मोक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संसक्तःattached, connected
संसक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसक्त (सम् + √सञ्ज्/सज् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोक्षसक्तेin one attached to mokṣa / in mokṣa-attached (state)
मोक्षसक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमोक्षसक्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्वचित्anywhere, ever
क्वचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ā
Ātman (jīvātman)
Ī
Īśa (Lord)
D
Deva
N
Nārāyaṇa
M
Mokṣa

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a chain of dependence: the individual self relies on the Lord; the Lord is identified with/grounded in Nārāyaṇa; Nārāyaṇa is connected with Mokṣa (the supreme release). Mokṣa alone is independent—self-established—indicating liberation as the ultimate, unconditioned reality.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the highest good. Here he shifts to a metaphysical explanation, describing how all conditioned beings and divine forms ultimately point toward Mokṣa as the final, self-sufficient principle.