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Shloka 40

Adhyāya 287 — Janaka’s Inquiry on Śreyas, Abhayadāna, and Asaṅga

Non-attachment

अपश्यन्तो<5नुविषयं भुज्जते विघसाशिन: । भुज्जानाश्षात्मविषयान्‌ विषयान्‌ विद्धि कर्मणाम्‌

apaśyanto 'nuviṣayaṃ bhuñjate vighasāśinaḥ | bhuñjānāś cātma-viṣayān viṣayān viddhi karmaṇām ||

جو ‘وِگھساشی’ ہیں—یعنی خادموں اور مہمانوں وغیرہ کو کھانا کھلا کر جو بچ رہے وہی کھاتے ہیں—وہ حواس کے موضوعات میں دل نہ اٹکا کر کھاتے ہیں؛ کڑوا-میٹھا کہہ کر پرکھ نہیں کرتے۔ مگر جو لوگ ذائقے کو اپنی خواہش کا موضوع بنا کر، پسندیدہ و ناپسندیدہ مزوں میں تمیز کرتے ہوئے کھاتے ہیں، انہیں عمل کے بندھن میں جکڑا ہوا سمجھو—کیونکہ ان کے لیے لذتِ حواس ہی محرک بن کر کرم کی زنجیر بن جاتی ہے۔

अपश्यन्तःnot seeing, not considering
अपश्यन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपश्यत् (√पश्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अनुविषयम्with regard to taste-objects / as to the object (of taste)
अनुविषयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुविषय
भुञ्जतेthey eat, partake
भुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Root√भुज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
विघसाशिनःthose who eat the remainder (after feeding others)
विघसाशिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविघसाशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भुञ्जानाःeating, while eating
भुञ्जानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभुञ्जान (√भुज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आत्मविषयान्sense-objects taken as one's own (for oneself)
आत्मविषयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विषयान्objects (of sense), enjoyments
विषयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विद्धिknow (you), understand
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Root√विद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मणाम्of actions, of deeds
कर्मणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada

Educational Q&A

Eating becomes liberating when it is done without attachment to taste and after fulfilling one’s duty to others (dependents/guests). When one eats for sensory pleasure—fixating on sweet vs. bitter—one reinforces desire and remains bound by karma.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Nārada contrasts two modes of eating: the vighasāśin who eats leftovers without sensory fixation, and the pleasure-seeker who makes taste the aim—showing how intention determines bondage or freedom.