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Shloka 8

Śreyas-nirdeśa (Discerning the Superior Good): Nārada–Gālava Saṃvāda

पितोवाच कथमभ्याहतो लोक: केन वा परिवारित: । अमोघा: का: पतन्तीह कि नु भीषयसीव माम्‌,पिता बोले--पुत्र! तुम मुझे डरानेकी चेष्टा क्यों करते हो? भला, यह लोक कैसे ताड़ित होता है अथवा किसने इसे घेर रखा है? और यहाँ कौन-सी अमोघ वस्तुएँ हमपर टूटी पड़ती हैं?

pitovāca katham abhyāhato lokaḥ kena vā parivāritaḥ | amoghāḥ kāḥ patantīha kiṃ nu bhīṣayasi iva mām ||

باپ نے کہا—بیٹے! تم مجھے ڈرانے کی کوشش کیوں کرتے ہو؟ بتاؤ، یہ دنیا کس طرح ضرب خوردہ ہوتی ہے یا کس نے اسے ہر طرف سے گھیر رکھا ہے؟ اور یہاں کون سی بےخطا قوتیں ہم پر ٹوٹتی ہیں؟

पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
अभ्याहतःstruck, afflicted
अभ्याहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-आ-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
लोकःworld
लोकः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केनby whom? / with what?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
परिवारितःsurrounded, enclosed
परिवारितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
अमोघाःunfailing (ones)
अमोघाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमोघ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
काःwhich? what (fem. pl.)
काः:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पतन्तिfall (upon)
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नुindeed, then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
भीषयसिyou frighten
भीषयसि:
TypeVerb
Rootभीषय् (Denom. from भीषा/भी)
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

F
Father (pitā)
S
Son (putra)
L
Loka (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a philosophical inquiry: instead of yielding to fear, one should identify what truly assails and constrains human life—those inevitable, “unfailing” forces (such as time, death, karma, and suffering) that operate in the world.

In Bhishma’s narration, a father responds to his son’s alarming words. He challenges the son to explain what threatens the world and what unavoidable powers ‘fall upon’ beings, questioning the attempt to frighten him and steering the exchange toward reasoned explanation.