Shloka 22

नारद–असित (देवल) संवादः — भूतप्रभवाप्यय, इन्द्रिय-गुण-विवेक, क्षेत्रज्ञ-तत्त्व

Devanagari script

तदन्योन्यवरा: सर्वे प्राणिन: सप्त सप्तधा । यज्ञेषूपाकृतं विश्व प्राहुरुत्तमसंज्ञितम्‌

Transliteration

tad anyonyavarāḥ sarve prāṇinaḥ sapta saptadhā | yajñeṣūpākṛtaṃ viśvaṃ prāhur uttamasaṃjñitam ||

Translation

کپِل نے کہا—تمام جاندار سات سات قسم کے گروہوں میں مرتب کیے گئے ہیں، اور ہر ایک کو دوسرے کے مقابلے میں برتر سمجھا جاتا ہے۔ وہ کہتے ہیں کہ ساری دنیا یَجْن (قربانی) کے دائرے میں لائی گئی ہے؛ اور جانداروں میں ‘اُتّم’ کے نام سے معروف—یعنی انسان—خصوصاً یَجْن کے فریضے اور ذمہ داری کے لیے مقرر کیے گئے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• {'tad': 'that

• in that manner (contextual connective)', 'anyonyavarāḥ': 'mutually superior

• each considered superior relative to another (comparative hierarchy)', 'sarve': 'all', 'prāṇinaḥ': 'living beings

• creatures', 'sapta': 'seven', 'saptadhā': 'in seven ways

• sevenfold', 'yajñeṣu': 'in sacrifices

• in the context of yajña', 'upākṛtam': 'brought near

• appointed/engaged (for a purpose)', 'viśvam': 'the whole world

• the universe', 'prāhuḥ': 'they say

• they declare', 'uttama-saṃjñitam': 'designated as ‘uttama’ (the excellent/supreme)

Speaker

कपिल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kapila
• prāṇinaḥ (living beings)
• yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames a graded order among living beings and emphasizes that humans—called ‘uttama’—carry a distinctive obligation: to participate in and uphold yajña, understood as a moral-cosmic discipline that sustains the world.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kapila is instructing about the structure of living beings and their relation to yajña, asserting that the world is connected to sacrificial order and that humans, as the ‘excellent’ class, are especially tasked with sacrificial responsibility.