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Shloka 131

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

ये चैव भावा वर्तन्ते सर्व एष्वेव ते त्रिषु । अन्वर्था: सम्प्रवर्तन्ते रथनेमिमरा इव

ye caiva bhāvā vartante sarva eṣveva te triṣu | anvarthāḥ sampravartante rathanemimarā iva ||

دنیا میں جو بھی احوال اور کیفیات پیدا ہوتے ہیں، وہ سب انہی تین (گُنوں) میں پائے جاتے ہیں۔ وہ اپنے اپنے معنی اور کام کے مطابق مسلسل گردش میں رہتے ہیں—جیسے رتھ کے پہیے کا کنارا برابر گھومتا رہتا ہے۔

येwhich (those who/that which)
ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भावाःstates/conditions/entities
भावाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वर्तन्तेexist/occur/are found
वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एषुin these
एषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रिषुin the three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
अन्वर्थाःcorresponding/true to their meaning
अन्वर्थाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्प्रवर्तन्तेproceed/operate accordingly
सम्प्रवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, सम् + प्र
रथनेमिमराःants (marāḥ) on a chariot-wheel rim
रथनेमिमराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथनेमि-मर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas)
C
chariot-wheel rim (ratha-nemi)

Educational Q&A

All experiences and dispositions are expressions of the three guṇas alone; they function according to their inherent nature and keep turning in a repetitive cycle, like a wheel—implying the need for discernment and detachment from fluctuating states.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on inner discipline and metaphysics, Vyāsa explains a framework for understanding worldly phenomena: everything that arises in life can be traced to the interplay of the three guṇas, which continually rotate and drive conduct and perception.