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Shloka 13

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

एवं स्वभावमेवेदमिति विद्वान्‌ न मुहृति । अशोचचन्नप्रहृष्यन्‌ हि नित्यं विगतमत्सर:,इस जगतका ऐसा ही परिवर्तनस्वभाव है, ऐसा जाननेवाला ज्ञानी पुरुष कभी मोहमें नहीं पड़ता, हर्ष और शोक नहीं करता तथा ईर्ष्या-द्वेष आदिसे रहित रहता है

evaṁ svabhāvam evedam iti vidvān na muhṛti | aśocan na prahṛṣyan hi nityaṁ vigata-matsaraḥ ||

یہ جان کر کہ “اس دنیا کی فطرت ہی ایسی ہے—ہمیشہ تغیر پذیر”، دانا آدمی ایک لمحہ بھی فریبِ موہ میں نہیں پڑتا۔ وہ نہ غم کرتا ہے نہ خوشی میں بہک اٹھتا ہے؛ حسد و عداوت سے پاک رہ کر ہمیشہ اندر سے ثابت قدم رہتا ہے۔

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
स्वभावम्nature, inherent character
स्वभावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इदम्this (world/thing)
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative marker)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
विद्वान्the wise man, knower
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मुहूर्तम्for a moment
मुहूर्तम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अशोचन्did not grieve
अशोचन्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहृष्यन्rejoicing, becoming elated
प्रहृष्यन्:
TypeVerb
Rootहृष्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
विगतमत्सरःfree from envy/jealousy
विगतमत्सरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविगत-मत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches equanimity grounded in insight: since change is the world’s inherent nature (svabhāva), the wise do not fall into delusion, nor swing between grief and elation; they cultivate freedom from envy and hostility as a stable ethical disposition.

Vyāsa is instructing on the marks of a truly wise person in the Śānti Parva’s discourse on peace and right conduct: he describes the inner stance of the knower—unconfused by worldly change, emotionally balanced, and purified of envy.