Shloka 47

Devanagari script

सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है

Transliteration

sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati | vidvān yoge ye kāma-krodha-lobha-bhayaṃ ca pañcamaṃ svapnam—ime pañca doṣāḥ proktās teṣāṃ pūrṇatayā ucchedaṃ kuryāt | teṣāṃ madhye krodhaṃ śamena (manonigrahena) jayet, kāmaṃ saṅkalpatyāgena parājayet, tathā dhīraḥ sattvaguṇasaṃsevanena nidrāyā ucchedaṃ kartum arhati ||

Translation

ویاس نے تعلیم دی— سَتّو (صفائی اور توازن) کی ریاضت سے ثابت قدم مرد نیند اور سستی کے کھنچاؤ پر غالب آ کر بیدار رہتا ہے۔ یوگ میں پانچ عیوب ہیں— کام، کرودھ، لوبھ، بھَے اور (پانچواں) خواب کا فریب؛ اِنہیں جڑ سے اکھاڑ دینا چاہیے۔ اِن میں کرودھ کو شَم—یعنی ضبطِ ذہن سے مغلوب کرے، اور کام کو سنکلپ کے ترک سے شکست دے۔ یوں سَتّو کے مسلسل अभ्यास سے سالک پاکیزہ سیرت ہو کر بیداری کے ورت میں قائم ہوتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• {'sattva-saṃsevana': 'cultivation/association with sattva

• practice of clarity, purity, balance', 'dhīra': 'steadfast, self-possessed person', 'nidrā': 'sleep

• also lethargy/torpor in a yogic-ethical sense', 'ucchettum / uccheda': 'to cut off, uproot, eradicate', 'vidvān': 'the wise, learned person', 'yoga': 'discipline of inner integration

• spiritual practice', 'kāma': 'desire, craving', 'krodha': 'anger', 'lobha': 'greed', 'bhaya': 'fear', 'svapna': 'dream

• here suggesting dream-delusion/mental projection as a fault', 'doṣa': 'fault, defect, moral-psychological blemish', 'śama': 'calmness

• mental restraint, pacification of the mind', 'manonigraha': 'control/restraint of the mind', 'saṅkalpa-tyāga': 'abandoning (compulsive) intention/resolve

• renunciation of craving-driven volitions', 'parājayet / jayet': 'should defeat / should conquer', 'guṇa': 'quality (sattva, rajas, tamas)

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

For progress in yoga and ethical life, one should uproot key inner faults—desire, anger, greed, fear, and dream-delusion—by specific disciplines: anger through śama (mental restraint), desire through saṅkalpa-tyāga (dropping craving-driven intentions), and lethargy/sleep through cultivating sattva (clarity and balance).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic flow of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa speaks as a teacher, giving practical inner methods for self-mastery. The focus is not external action but the purification of the mind and character required for yogic steadiness.