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Shloka 16

कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च

Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation

को हि लोकस्य कुरुते विनाशप्रभवावुभौ । कृतं हि तत्‌ कृतेनैव कर्ता तस्यापि चापर:,सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌का संहार और सृष्टि--इन दोनों कार्योको कौन करता है? वह सब प्राणियोंके कर्मोद्धारा ही किया गया है और उसका भी प्रयोजक कोई और (ईश्वर) ही है

śakra uvāca | ko hi lokasya kurute vināśa-prabhavāv ubhau | kṛtaṃ hi tat kṛtenaiva kartā tasyāpi cāparaḥ |

شکر نے کہا—دنیا کے لیے فنا اور پیدائش—یہ دونوں کون برپا کرتا ہے؟ یہ تو جانداروں کے اپنے کیے ہوئے اعمال سے ہی واقع ہوتا ہے؛ مگر ان اعمال کے پیچھے بھی ایک اور محرّک—خدا—کارفرما ہے۔

कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
लोकस्यof the world
लोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कुरुतेdoes/makes
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
विनाशdestruction
विनाश:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रभवौorigins/creations (arising)
प्रभवौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
कृतम्done/made
कृतम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कृतेनby action/deed
कृतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कर्ताdoer/agent
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof that/of it
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपरःanother (one)
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

श॒क्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
L
loka (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse balances human moral responsibility with a higher metaphysical causality: worldly creation and destruction unfold through beings’ own actions (karma), yet the ultimate enabling/impelling principle behind action is a higher power (Īśvara).

Śakra (Indra) speaks in a didactic exchange in the Śānti Parva, reflecting on the causes behind cosmic events. He frames world-processes as arising from karma while also pointing to a transcendent instigator beyond the visible agents.