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Shloka 10

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

तस्मात्‌ तदात्मकादू रागाद्‌ बीजाज्जायन्ति जन्तव: । स्वदेहजानस्वसंज्ञान्‌ यद्वदड़ात्‌ कृरमीस्त्यजेत्‌ । स्वसंज्ञानस्वकांस्तद्वत्‌ सुतसंज्ञान्‌ कृमीस्त्यजेत्‌

tasmāt tad-ātmakād rāgād bījāj jāyante jantavaḥ | sva-deha-jān sva-saṃjñān yadvad aṇḍāt kṛmīs tyajet | sva-saṃjñān svakāṃs tadvat suta-saṃjñān kṛmīs tyajet |

پس اسی ‘میں-میرا’ والی خودشناختی رغبت اور اسی بیج سے جاندار پیدا ہوتے ہیں۔ جیسے آدمی اپنے ہی بدن سے پیدا ہونے والے جوئیں، لیکھ وغیرہ کیڑوں کو—اپنی ہی علامت رکھنے کے باوجود—اپنا نہیں مان کر جھٹک دیتا ہے، ویسے ہی ‘بیٹے’ کہلانے والے، اپنے کہے جانے والے کیڑوں کو بھی ترک کر دینا چاہیے۔

तस्मात्from that; therefore
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तदात्मकात्from that-natured (i.e., having that as its essence)
तदात्मकात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतदात्मन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
रागात्from attachment/passion
रागात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
बीजात्from seed (semen)
बीजात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबीज
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
जायन्तिare born; arise
जायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
जन्तवःliving beings/creatures
जन्तवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वदेहजातान्born from one’s own body
स्वदेहजातान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वदेहजात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्वसंज्ञान्called/known as one’s own
स्वसंज्ञान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वसंज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यद्वत्just as
यद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्वत्
अङ्गात्from the body/limb
अङ्गात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
कृमीन्worms/insects
कृमीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृमि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वसंज्ञानस्वकान्those regarded as one’s own by the notion ‘mine’
स्वसंज्ञानस्वकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वसंज्ञानस्वक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तद्वत्in the same way
तद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत्
सुतसंज्ञान्called/known as ‘sons’
सुतसंज्ञान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुतसंज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कृमीन्worms/insects
कृमीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृमि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
J
jantavaḥ (living beings)
B
bīja (seed/semen)
K
kṛmi (worms/larvae)
S
suta (son, as a designation)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma argues for radical detachment: beings arise from passion and seed, but the sense of ‘mine’ toward body-born products (and by extension toward ‘sons’) is delusive. One should relinquish possessiveness and see relations as not-Self, cultivating dispassion aimed at liberation.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma delivers a stark analogy: just as one discards worms arising from one’s own body without claiming them as oneself, so one should not cling to those merely labeled as one’s sons; the passage is a didactic push toward renunciation rather than a literal social directive.