Shloka 3

तद्धद्‌ गोडश्वमनुष्येषु तद्धद्धस्तिमृगादिषु । तद्धत्‌ कीटपतड्लेषु प्रसक्तात्मा स्वकर्मभि:

taddhad goḍaśvamanūṣyeṣu taddhaddhastimṛgādiṣu | taddhat kīṭapataṅgeṣu prasaktātmā svakarmabhiḥ ||

بھیشم نے کہا—وہی (باطنی آتما) گائے، گھوڑے اور انسانوں میں ہے؛ وہی ہاتھی، ہرن وغیرہ میں ہے؛ وہی کیڑے مکوڑوں اور پتنگوں میں بھی ہے۔ مگر ہر جاندار اپنے اپنے اعمال کے بندھن سے بندھا ہوا، انہی میں دل لگائے رہتا ہے۔

तत्that (state/condition)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
हत्struck/afflicted
हत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
गोamong cows
गो:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine/masculine, locative, plural
अश्वamong horses
अश्व:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine, locative, plural
मनुष्येषुamong humans
मनुष्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
Formmasculine, locative, plural
तत्that (same state)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
हत्struck/afflicted
हत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
हस्तिamong elephants
हस्ति:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन्
Formmasculine, locative, plural
मृगादिषुamong deer and the like
मृगादिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृग + आदि
Formmasculine, locative, plural
तत्that (same state)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
हत्struck/afflicted
हत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
कीटamong insects/worms
कीट:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकीट
Formmasculine, locative, plural
पतङ्गेषुamong flying insects/moths
पतङ्गेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपतङ्ग
Formmasculine, locative, plural
प्रसक्तात्माone whose self is attached/engrossed
प्रसक्तात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसक्त + आत्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्वकर्मभिःby/through one’s own actions
स्वकर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + कर्मन्
Formneuter, instrumental, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
C
cow/cattle
H
horse
H
human beings
E
elephant
D
deer
W
worms
I
insects

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma emphasizes the sameness of the inner principle across all living beings, while explaining that differences in behavior and life-condition arise from attachment shaped by one’s own karma.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation-oriented insight, Bhīṣma continues a reflective teaching: he points to the shared essence in creatures from humans to insects, then notes how karmic tendencies keep each being absorbed in its particular actions.