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Shloka 125

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

चतुर्भिलक्षणैहीनं तथा षड्भि: सषोडशै: । पुरुषं तमतिक्रम्प आकाशं प्रतिपद्यते

caturbhir lakṣaṇair hīnaṁ tathā ṣaḍbhiḥ saṣoḍaśaiḥ | puruṣaṁ tam atikramya ākāśaṁ pratipadyate ||

وہ جپ کرنے والا اس پُرُش (سگُن برہمن) کو بھی پار کر کے آکاش کی مانند نِرگُن برہمن کو پا لیتا ہے۔ وہاں پرتیَکش، اَنُمان، اُپمان اور شبد—یہ چاروں پرمان نہیں پہنچتے؛ اور بھوک، پیاس، غم، موہ، بڑھاپا اور موت—یہ چھ لہریں بھی نہیں اٹھتیں۔ پانچ گیان-اِندریاں، پانچ کرم-اِندریاں، پانچ پران اور من—ان سولہ آلاتِ تجربہ سے بھی وہ ماورا ہے۔

चतुर्भिःwith four
चतुर्भिः:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
लक्षणैःmarks/characteristics (means of definition)
लक्षणैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
हीनम्devoid of
हीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
षड्भिःwith six
षड्भिः:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootषट्
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
सषोडशैःtogether with the sixteen (instruments)
सषोडशैः:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootस-षोडश
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
पुरुषम्the Person (Purusha)
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तम्that (him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अतिक्रम्यhaving transcended/passed beyond
अतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वान्त अव्यय), कर्तरि
आकाशम्the ether/space
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
प्रतिपद्यतेattains/approaches
प्रतिपद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-पद्
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, एकवचन, कर्तरि

विरूप उवाच

V
Virūpa
P
Puruṣa
Ā
Ākāśa

Educational Q&A

Liberation is described as transcending the conditioned Puruṣa and realizing an unconditioned reality compared to space (ākāśa), where ordinary means of knowledge and the entire psycho-physical apparatus (senses, prāṇas, mind) do not operate, and where existential afflictions like hunger, grief, aging, and death do not arise.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Virūpa speaks a doctrinal verse outlining a hierarchy of realization: one goes beyond the Puruṣa and attains the ‘space-like’ ultimate, characterized negatively as beyond pramāṇas/definitions, beyond the six ‘waves’ of suffering, and beyond the sixteen instruments of embodied experience.