Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

इन्द्रियैस्तु प्रदीपार्थ कुरुते बुद्धिसप्तमै: । निर्विचेष्टेरजानद्धिः परमात्मा प्रदीपवत्‌

indriyaistu pradīpārthaṃ kurute buddhisaptamaiḥ | nirviceṣṭerajānaḍḍhiḥ paramātmā pradīpavat ||

بھیشم نے کہا—پرَماتما خود بےعمل ہے اور آلاتِ ادراک کی طرح جاننے والا نہیں؛ پھر بھی وہ من اور بدھی سمیت سات گونہ سازوسامان کے ذریعے حواس کو چراغ کی مانند روشنی کا سبب بنا دیتا ہے۔ جیسے گھڑے کے اندر رکھا ہوا چراغ گھڑے کے سوراخوں سے اپنا نور پھیلا کر اشیاء کی پہچان کراتا ہے، ویسے ہی جسم کے اندر مقیم پرَماتما، جوہرًا بےجان حواس اور من-بدھی کے ذریعے تمام چیزوں کا تجربہ اور ادراک ممکن بناتا ہے۔

इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
प्रदीपार्थम्the purpose/function of a lamp (illumination)
प्रदीपार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदीपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुरुतेdoes/makes (for itself)
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
बुद्धिसप्तमैःby the seven (including) intellect; i.e., mind and senses as seven
बुद्धिसप्तमैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिसप्तम
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
निर्विचेष्टेin the motionless/effortless (state)
निर्विचेष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्विचेष्ट
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अजानद्धिःnot knowing; ignorant (one)
अजानद्धिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअजानत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परमात्माthe Supreme Self
परमात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरमात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रदीपवत्like a lamp
प्रदीपवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रदीपवत्

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Paramātman (Supreme Self)
I
indriyas (senses)
B
buddhi (intellect)
P
pradīpa (lamp)
G
ghaṭa (pot)

Educational Q&A

Consciousness (Paramātman) is the inner illuminator: the senses, mind, and intellect are inert instruments that function like openings for a lamp’s light. Knowing and experience occur because the Self ‘lights up’ these faculties, not because the faculties are independently conscious.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented wisdom. Here he uses a vivid metaphor (lamp inside a pot) to explain how the inner Self enables cognition through the bodily instruments, supporting a teaching on the distinction between the Self and the psycho-physical apparatus.