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Shloka 38

Bhṛgu–Bharadvāja-saṃvāda: Vānaprastha-parivrājaka-ācāra, Abhaya-dharma, and Lokānāṃ Vibhāga (Śānti-parva 185)

तत्रैकगुणमाकाशं शब्द इत्येव तत्स्मृतम्‌ । तस्य शब्दस्य वक्ष्यामि विस्तरं विविधात्मकम्‌,एष सप्तविध: प्रोक्तो गुण आकाशसम्भव: । आकाशका एकमात्र गुण शब्द ही माना गया है। उस शब्दगुणका अनेक भेदोंमें जो विस्तार हुआ है, उसका वर्णन करता हूँ--षड्ज, ऋषभ, गान्धार, मध्यम, पंचम, धैवत तथा निषाद--ये आकाशजनित शब्द गुणके सात भेद बताये गये हैं, जिन्हें जानना चाहिये

tatraikaguṇam ākāśaṃ śabda ity eva tat smṛtam | tasya śabdasya vakṣyāmi vistaraṃ vividhātmakam | eṣa saptavidhaḥ prokto guṇa ākāśasambhavaḥ |

اس باب میں آکاش (فضا) کا ایک ہی گُن یاد کیا گیا ہے—یعنی ‘شبد’ (آواز). اب میں اس آواز کے کثیرالجہات پھیلاؤ کو تفصیل سے بیان کرتا ہوں۔ آکاش سے پیدا ہونے والا یہ گُن سات قسم کا کہا گیا ہے: شڈج، رِشبھ، گاندھار، مدھیَم، پنچم، دھَیوت اور نِشاد۔

तत्रthere/in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एकone/single
एक:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गुणम्quality/attribute
गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आकाशम्ether/space
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतम्is remembered/considered
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
शब्दस्यof sound
शब्दस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वक्ष्यामिI shall explain
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलृट्, Simple future, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
विस्तरम्expansion/detail
विस्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विविधvarious
विविध:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मकम्having the nature of
आत्मकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सप्तseven
सप्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विधःof kinds/types
विधः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तःis said/declared
प्रोक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
गुणःquality
गुणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आकाशfrom ether/space
आकाश:
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सम्भवःoriginating/produced
सम्भवः:
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
Ā
ākāśa (space/ether)
Ś
śabda (sound)
ṣaḍja
ṛṣabha
G
gāndhāra
M
madhyama
P
pañcama
D
dhaivata
N
niṣāda

Educational Q&A

Space (ākāśa) is characterized by a single fundamental attribute—sound (śabda). That one attribute is then analyzed as having a structured, sevenfold manifestation, commonly understood as the seven musical notes (saptasvara).

Bharadvāja is teaching a philosophical account of the elements and their qualities. In this verse he identifies the defining quality of ākāśa as sound and announces a detailed explanation of sound’s differentiated forms, presented as seven kinds.