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Shloka 21

भृगु–भरद्वाजसंवादः: वर्णभेदस्य कर्माधारितव्याख्या

Bhrigu–Bharadvaja Dialogue: A Karma-Based Account of Varṇa

अकार्यमिति चैवेम॑ नात्मानं संत्यजाम्यहम्‌ । नात:ः पापीयसीं योनिं पतेयमपरामिति

akāryam iti caivemaṁ nātmānaṁ saṁtyajāmy aham | nātaḥ pāpīyasīṁ yoniṁ pateyam aparām iti ||

بھیشم نے کہا— “یہ جانتے ہوئے کہ یہ ایک ناروا فعل ہے، میں اپنی جان نہیں چھوڑتا۔ مجھے اندیشہ ہے کہ اگر میں ایسا کروں تو اس حالت سے گر کر کسی اور، اس سے بھی زیادہ گناہ آلود، یَونی (پیدائش) میں جا پڑوں۔”

अकार्यम्an improper act / a thing not to be done
अकार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअकार्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मानम्oneself / the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संत्यजामिI abandon / I give up
संत्यजामि:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-त्यज्
FormPresent (Lat), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतःfrom this / hence
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
पापीयसीम्more sinful / worse
पापीयसीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपापीयस्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, Comparative
योनिम्womb; birth; state of existence
योनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पतेयम्I might fall
पतेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अपराम्another (different)
अपराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Self-destruction is treated as adharma: even in suffering, one should not abandon life out of despair, because such an act carries moral consequence and may lead to a worse rebirth. The verse frames restraint as an ethical duty grounded in accountability across lives.

In the Śānti discourse, Bhīṣma explains why he does not give up his life: he recognizes suicide as an improper act and fears the karmic result—falling into a more sinful state of birth—thereby reinforcing dharma-based endurance.