Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 19

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

तस्माद्‌ राज्ञ: सदा तेजो दुःसहं ब्रह्म॒वादिनाम्‌ । कर्ता शास्ता विधाता च ब्राह्मणो देव उच्यते,अतः ब्रह्मवादियोंका तेज राजाके लिये सदा दुःसह है। ब्राह्मण इस जगत्‌का कर्ता, शासक, धारण-पोषण करनेवाला और देवता कहलाता है

tasmād rājñaḥ sadā tejo duḥsahaṃ brahmavādinām | kartā śāstā vidhātā ca brāhmaṇo deva ucyate ||

بھیشم نے کہا— اسی لیے راجا کے لیے برہمن (برہمن/برہما) کا کلام کہنے اور اسے قائم رکھنے والے برہموادیوں کی روحانی ہیبت و تاب ہمیشہ ناقابلِ برداشت ہوتی ہے۔ برہمن کو ‘دیَو’ کہا جاتا ہے—وہی کرتار، شاستا (سزا و نظم کا قائم کرنے والا) اور ودھاتا (نظامِ عالم کا بانی و نگہبان) سمجھا جاتا ہے۔

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, ablative, singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
तेजःsplendor/energy
तेजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
दुःसहम्hard to bear/intolerable
दुःसहम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःसह
Formneuter, nominative, singular
ब्रह्मवादिनाम्of the Brahma-speakers (Brahmins)
ब्रह्मवादिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मवादिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
कर्ताcreator/doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शास्ताruler/discipliner
शास्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्तृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विधाताordainer/sustainer
विधाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधातृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
देवःa god/divine one
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उच्यतेis said/is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formpresent, passive, third, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (king)
B
brāhmaṇa
B
brahmavādin (Brahman-speakers)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that a king should recognize the superior spiritual authority (tejas) of Veda-upholding Brāhmaṇas; their role is portrayed as foundational to cosmic and social order—creating, regulating, and sustaining dharma—hence they are termed ‘deva’ in a normative, honorific sense.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and governance, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira about the principles of righteous rule, emphasizing the king’s relationship to Brāhmaṇas and the need to respect their moral-spiritual power and counsel.