Shloka 2
Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच पापस्य यदधिष्ठानं तच्छृणुष्व नराधिप । एको लोभो महाग्राहो लोभात् पापं प्रवर्तते
Translation
بھیشم نے کہا— اے نرادھپ! گناہ کا جو آسرَے (بنیاد) ہے، وہ سنو۔ ایک ہی لالچ مہاگراہ (عظیم مگرمچھ) ہے؛ لالچ ہی سے گناہ رواں ہوتا ہے۔
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
पापस्यof sin
पापस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
यत्which/that (relative)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अधिष्ठानम्basis, seat, foundation
अधिष्ठानम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअधिष्ठान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शृणुष्वlisten
शृणुष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एकःone, single
एकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोभःgreed
लोभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाग्राहःa great crocodile (metaphorically, devourer)
महाग्राहः:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाग्राह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोभात्from greed
लोभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेarises, proceeds, becomes active
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes