Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 105

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

सम्भावयति मातेव दीनमप्युपपद्यते । दहत्यग्निरिवानिष्टान्‌ यमयन्नसतो यम:

sambhāvayati māteva dīnam apy upapadyate | dahaty agnir ivāniṣṭān yamayann asato yamaḥ ||

وہ ماں کی طرح—جب مناسب ہو—دکھی انسان کی بھی قدر کرتا ہے؛ مگر آگ کی مانند ناپسندیدہ چیزوں کو جلا کر مٹا دیتا ہے، اور یم کی طرح بدکاروں کو روک کر سزا دے کر قابو میں رکھتا ہے۔

सम्भावयतिhonors, esteems, treats with regard
सम्भावयति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-भावय् (भावयति)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
दीनम्the poor/distressed (person)
दीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उपपद्यतेis fitting/appropriate; is possible; is consistent
उपपद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√पद् (उपपद्यते)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
दहतिburns
दहति:
TypeVerb
Root√दह्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अनिष्टान्undesirable (ones), evil-doers/foes
अनिष्टान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यमयन्restraining, controlling
यमयन्:
TypeVerb
Root√यम्
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
असतःof the wicked/untrue (person)
असतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
यमःYama; the restrainer (god of death/justice)
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

ब्रह्मदत्त (Brahmadatta)
यम (Yama)
अग्नि (Agni, fire)
माता (mother, as a simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents the ideal of righteous authority: compassion and respect toward the vulnerable when appropriate, combined with firm restraint and corrective punishment toward wrongdoing—balancing maternal care with Yama-like justice.

Brahmadatta is describing the qualities of a dharmic ruler/disciplinarian: he can nurture and uplift the distressed, yet he also destroys harmful elements like fire and restrains the unrighteous like Yama, emphasizing balanced governance.