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Shloka 42

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

जीवितार्थी कथं त्वद्य शत्रुभि: प्रार्थितस्त्रिभि: । तस्मादेनमहं शत्रुं मार्जार संश्रयामि वै

jīvitārthī kathaṃ tv adya śatrubhiḥ prārthitas tribhiḥ | tasmād enam ahaṃ śatruṃ mārjāraṃ saṃśrayāmi vai ||

بھیشم نے کہا—میں جان بچانا چاہتا ہوں اور آج تین دشمن میری تاک میں بیٹھے ہیں؛ ایسی حالت میں میں کیا کروں؟ لہٰذا میں اپنے اسی دشمن—اس بلی—کی پناہ لیتا ہوں۔

जीवितार्थीdesiring to live / seeking life
जीवितार्थी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवितार्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how? / why?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अद्यtoday / now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
शत्रुभिःby enemies
शत्रुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रार्थितःrequested / begged / entreated
प्रार्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रार्थय्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिभिःby three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रि
FormInstrumental, Plural
तस्मात्therefore / from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
एनम्this (him)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
शत्रुम्enemy
शत्रुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मार्जारम्cat
मार्जारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्जार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संश्रयामिI take refuge in / resort to
संश्रयामि:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-श्रि
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
mārjāra (cat)
T
three enemies (tribhiḥ śatrubhiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a pragmatic ethical tension: when threatened by multiple dangers, one may seek protection even from a hostile party. It points to the complexity of dharma in crisis—choices may be driven by survival, yet they carry moral ambiguity because refuge is taken in an 'enemy'.

A speaker (Bhīṣma, narrating a didactic episode) voices the predicament of being targeted by three enemies at once and concludes that, to save his life, he will resort to the shelter of a cat—explicitly acknowledging the cat as an enemy, yet choosing it as a temporary refuge against greater immediate threats.