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Shloka 1

अविश्वास-निति: ब्रह्मदत्त–पूजनी-संवादः

Policy of Caution: The Brahmadatta–Pūjanī Dialogue

ऑपन--माज बछ। अि<-छऋाय षट्त्रिशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: राजा किसका धन ले और किसका न ले तथा किसके साथ कैसा बर्ताव करे--इसका विचार भीष्म उवाच अत्र गाथा ब्रह्मगीता: कीर्तयन्ति पुराविद: । येन मार्गेण राजा वै कोशं संजनयत्युत,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--युधिष्ठिर! जिस मार्ग या उपायसे राजा अपना खजाना भरता है, उसके विषयमें प्राचीन इतिहासके जानकारलोग ब्रह्माजीकी कही हुई कुछ गाथाएँ कहा करते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | atra gāthā brahmagītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ | yena mārgeṇa rājā vai kośaṃ sañjanayaty uta |

بھیشم نے کہا—اے یُدھشٹھِر! اس باب میں قدیم روایت کے جاننے والے ‘برہما گیتا’ نامی چند گاتھائیں بیان کرتے ہیں؛ انہی میں وہ راہ بتائی گئی ہے جس کے ذریعے راجا دھرم کے مطابق اپنا کوش (خزانہ) بڑھاتا ہے۔

अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
गाथाःverses, songs (gāthās)
गाथाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ब्रह्मगीताःsung/uttered by Brahmā (Brahmā-said)
ब्रह्मगीताः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मगीता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कीर्तयन्तिthey recite, they proclaim
कीर्तयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकीर्तय्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुराविदःknowers of ancient lore/history
पुराविदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुराविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मार्गेणby the path/means
मार्गेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कोशम्treasury
कोशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संजजनयतिproduces, causes to arise/accumulate
संजजनयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसंजन्/सञ्जनय्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उतand, also (emphatic)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brahmā
R
rājā (the king)
K
kośa (royal treasury)
P
purāvidaḥ (ancient traditionists)

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces an authoritative traditional teaching (called the Brahma-gītās) on the ethical method by which a king should build the treasury—implying that revenue must be raised through a proper, dharmic path rather than arbitrary exaction.

Bhishma begins a new instruction to Yudhishthira on royal conduct and revenue policy, citing that ancient experts recite Brahmā-attributed verses explaining how a king generates wealth for the state and, by implication, how he should treat different subjects in the process.