Shloka 38

अर्थार्थमन्यद्‌ भवति विपरीतमथापरम्‌ । अनर्थार्थमथाप्यन्यत्‌ तत्‌ सर्व हार्थकारणम्‌ । एवं बुद्धया सम्प्रपश्येन्मेधावी कार्यनिश्चयम्‌,आपत्तिकालमें प्रजापीडन अर्थसंग्रहरूप प्रयोजनका साधक होनेके कारण अर्थकारक होता है, इसके विपरीत उसे पीड़ा न देना ही अनर्थकारक हो जाता है। इसी प्रकार जो दूसरे अनर्थकारी (व्यय बढ़ानेवाले सैन्य-संग्रह आदि) कार्य हैं, वे भी युद्धका संकट उपस्थित होनेपर अर्थकारी (विजय साधक) सिद्ध होते हैं। बुद्धिमान्‌ पुरुष इस प्रकार बुद्धिसे विचार करके कर्तव्यका निश्चय करे

arthārtham anyad bhavati viparītam athāparam | anarthārtham athāpy anyat tat sarva-hārtha-kāraṇam | evaṁ buddhyā samprapaśyen medhāvī kārya-niścayam | āpatti-kālam |

ایک تدبیر نفع بخش ہوتی ہے، دوسری اس کے برعکس نتیجہ دیتی ہے؛ اور کبھی جو کام نقصان کا سبب دکھائی دیتا ہے، وہی تمام مقاصد کے حصول کا اصل سبب بن جاتا ہے۔ اس لیے دانا آدمی کو بصیرت سے پرکھ کر، خصوصاً بحران کے وقت، واجب العمل کا فیصلہ کرنا چاہیے۔

अर्थार्थम्for the sake of wealth/benefit
अर्थार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्यत्something else
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विपरीतम्the opposite
विपरीतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविपरीत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अपरम्another (thing)
अपरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootअपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनर्थार्थम्for the sake of non-benefit/harm
अनर्थार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अन्यत्something else
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वार्थकारणम्cause of all purposes/benefits
सर्वार्थकारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वार्थकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
बुद्ध्याby/with understanding
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्रपश्येत्should clearly discern
सम्प्रपश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-पश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेधावीthe intelligent person
मेधावी:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमेधाविन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कार्यनिश्चयम्decision about what is to be done
कार्यनिश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्यनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Outcomes can invert in a crisis: what seems beneficial may become harmful, and what seems costly may become the means to secure larger goals. Therefore one should decide duties by clear, context-sensitive discernment rather than by fixed labels of ‘profit’ and ‘loss’.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and conduct, Bhishma advises the listener that policy and duty must be judged by circumstances—especially during calamity—because the same action can yield opposite results depending on time and conditions.