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Shloka 19

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

न सद्यो<5रीन्‌ विहन्याच्च द्रष्टव्यो विजयो ध्रुव: । न शल्यं वा घटयति न वाचा कुरुते व्रणम्‌,राजा शत्रुओंपर तत्काल आक्रमण न करे। अवश्यम्भावी विजयके उपायपर विचार करे। न तो उसपर विषका प्रयोग करे और न उसे कठोर वचनोंद्वारा ही घायल करे

na sadyo'rīn vihanyāc ca draṣṭavyo vijayo dhruvaḥ | na śalyaṃ vā ghaṭayati na vācā kurute vraṇam ||

بھیشم نے کہا—بادشاہ کو جلدی میں دشمنوں پر فوراً حملہ نہیں کرنا چاہیے؛ یقینی فتح کو پیشِ نظر رکھ کر ہی تدبیر کرے۔ نہ زہر کا سہارا لے اور نہ سخت کلامی سے زخم لگائے۔

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः
अरिन्enemy
अरिन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विहन्यात्should strike/kill
विहन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्रष्टव्यःis to be seen/considered
द्रष्टव्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रष्टव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विजयःvictory
विजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ध्रुवःcertain/assured
ध्रुवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शल्यम्dart/thorn (figuratively: poison/weapon)
शल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
घटयतिapplies/inflicts/causes
घटयति:
TypeVerb
Rootघट्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाचाby speech/with words
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
कुरुतेdoes/makes
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
व्रणम्wound
व्रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्रण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
E
enemies (arayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should act with patience and strategic clarity, aiming at assured success, and must avoid unethical means—such as poisoning—as well as avoid harming others through cruel, wounding speech.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma is advising the king on proper conduct toward enemies: do not rush into attack, plan for certain victory, and maintain ethical restraint both in methods of war and in speech.