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Shloka 49

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

तेषामाशु प्रयातानां रथानां तत्र वेगिनाम्‌ | बभूव तुमुल: शब्दो दिविस्पूक्‌ पृथिवीपते,पृथ्वीनाथ! वहाँ शीघ्रतापूर्वक यात्रा करनेवाले उनके वेगशाली रथोंका घोर घर्घर शब्द आकाशकमें व्याप्त हो गया

teṣām āśu prayātānāṁ rathānāṁ tatra veginām | babhūva tumulaḥ śabdo divi spṛk pṛthivīpate ||

اے زمین کے فرمانروا! وہاں تیزی سے بڑھتے ہوئے اُن برق رفتار رتھوں کی ہولناک، پُرہنگام گرج ایسی اٹھی کہ گویا آسمان کو چھو کر ہر سو پھیل گئی۔

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आशुquickly
आशु:
Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
प्रयातानाम्of those who had set out / were proceeding
प्रयातानाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-या (धातु) → प्रयात (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वेगिनाम्of swift (ones)
वेगिनाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
बभूवarose / became
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, dreadful
तुमुलः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दःsound, noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिविin the sky
दिवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अस्पृक्touching/reaching
अस्पृक्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्पृश् (धातु) → अस्पृक् (कृदन्त, भूत/वर्तमान-समासिक रूप)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth
पृथिवीपते:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pṛthivīpati (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)
S
sky (div)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective action in war rapidly becomes overpowering—symbolized by the sky-filling roar of chariots—suggesting that once conflict accelerates, it can eclipse calm judgment and restraint.

Sañjaya reports to the king that the warriors’ swift chariots have surged forward, producing a deafening, tumultuous sound that seems to reach the sky, signaling the intensification of the battle’s movement and urgency.