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Shloka 18

Kṛtavarmā–Sātyaki Chariot Duel and Kaurava Morale Shock (कृतवर्म-सात्यकि-द्वैरथम्)

सतं रथं हेमविभूषिताडूं साश्वं ससूतं सहसा विमृद्य । उत्क्षिप्प हस्तेन नदन्‌ महाद्विपो विपोथयामास वसुन्धरातले,गर्जना करते हुए उस विशालकाय हाथीने धृष्टद्युम्नके उस सुवर्णभूषित रथको घोड़ों और सारथि-सहित सहसा कुचल डाला और सूँड़से ऊपर उठाकर पृथ्वीपर दे मारा

sa taṁ rathaṁ hemavibhūṣitāṅgaṁ sāśvaṁ sasūtaṁ sahasā vimṛdya | utkṣipya hastena nadan mahādvipo vipothayāmāsa vasundharātale ||

سنجے نے کہا—گرجتے ہوئے اس عظیم ہاتھی نے دھرشتدیومن کے سونے سے آراستہ رتھ کو گھوڑوں اور سارَتھی سمیت اچانک کچل ڈالا۔ پھر سونڈ سے اسے اٹھا کر زمین کی سطح پر زور سے پٹخ دیا۔

शतम्hundred (in value/measure)
शतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हेम-विभूषितम्adorned with gold
हेम-विभूषितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम-विभूषित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स-अश्वम्with horses
स-अश्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस + अश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स-सूतम्with the charioteer
स-सूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस + सूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सहसाsuddenly, violently
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
विमृद्यhaving crushed/trampled
विमृद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-मृद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), ल्यप्
उत्क्षिप्यhaving lifted up
उत्क्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-क्षिप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), ल्यप्
हस्तेनwith the trunk/hand
हस्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नदन्roaring
नदन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महाद्विपःthe great elephant
महाद्विपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-द्विप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विपोथयामासhe dashed/struck down, smashed
विपोथयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-पुथ्/पथ् (causative stem: पोथय)
FormPerfect (periphrastic), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वसुन्धरा-तलेon the surface of the earth
वसुन्धरा-तले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवसुन्धरा-तल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
M
mahādvipa (great elephant)
R
ratha (chariot)
A
aśvāḥ (horses)
S
sūta (charioteer)
V
vasundharā (earth/ground)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the impermanence of worldly power and splendor in the chaos of battle: even a gold-adorned chariot and its crew can be destroyed in a moment by overwhelming force. Ethically, it reflects the harsh reality of kṣatriya warfare, where courage and might operate within a tragic field of destruction.

Sañjaya describes a great elephant that, while trumpeting, suddenly tramples Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s gold-decorated chariot along with the horses and charioteer, then lifts it with its trunk and smashes it onto the ground.