Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

ततो द्रुतं मद्रजनाधिपो रणे युधिष्ठिरं सप्तभिरभ्यविद्धयत्‌ । त॑ चापि पार्थो नवभि: पृषत्कै- विंव्याध राजंस्तुमुले महात्मा,इसके बाद मद्रराजने संग्राममें तुरंत ही सात बाणोंसे युधिष्ठिरको बींध डाला। राजन! उस तुमुल युद्धमें महात्मा युधिष्ठिरने भी नौ बाणोंसे शल्यको घायल कर दिया

tato drutaṁ madrarājādhipo raṇe yudhiṣṭhiraṁ saptabhir abhyaviddhayat | taṁ cāpi pārtho navabhiḥ pṛṣatkaiḥ vivyādha rājaṁs tumule mahātmā ||

اس کے بعد مدر کے حاکم نے میدانِ جنگ میں فوراً سات تیروں سے یُدھشٹھِر کو چھید ڈالا۔ اور اے راجن، اسی ہنگامہ خیز معرکے میں مہاتما یُدھشٹھِر نے بھی نو تیروں سے شلیہ کو زخمی کر دیا۔

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')
द्रुतम्quickly
द्रुतम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्रुत
FormAvyaya (adverb)
मद्रजनाधिपःthe lord of the Madra people (Shalya)
मद्रजनाधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र-जन-अधिप
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, locative, singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
सप्तभिःwith seven (arrows)
सप्तभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural (elliptic with 'बाणैः')
अभ्यविद्धयत्pierced/struck
अभ्यविद्धयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्/व्यध्) with अभि-
FormImperfect (लङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormAvyaya
पार्थःthe son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
नवभिःwith nine (arrows)
नवभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootनव
FormMasculine/Neuter, instrumental, plural (elliptic with 'बाणैः')
पृषत्कैःwith arrows
पृषत्कैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपृषत्क
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
विव्याधpierced/wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्/व्यध्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
तुमुलेin the tumultuous (battle)
तुमुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine/Neuter, locative, singular (agreeing with 'रणे/युद्धे' understood)
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
Śalya (king of Madra)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
battlefield (raṇa)
A
arrows (pṛṣatka)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores kṣatriya-dharma in wartime: even a righteous king like Yudhiṣṭhira must respond decisively to aggression. Ethical restraint does not mean passivity in a justly undertaken battle; duty requires measured but effective action.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Śalya, the Madra ruler, quickly strikes Yudhiṣṭhira with seven arrows; Yudhiṣṭhira immediately retaliates, wounding Śalya with nine arrows amid the fierce clash.