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Shloka 42

Book 9 (Śalya-parva), Adhyāya 13 — Arjuna’s Arrow-storm and the Drauṇi Confrontation

ते शरा मद्रराजेन प्रेषिता रणमूर्थनि । सम्पतन्तः सम दृश्यन्ते शलभानां व्रजा इव,युद्धके मुहानेपर मद्रराजके चलाये हुए वे बाण शलभसमूहोंके समान गिरते दिखायी देते थे

te śarā madrarājena preṣitā raṇamūrdhani | sampatantaḥ sama dṛśyante śalabhānāṃ vrajā iva ||

میدانِ جنگ کے عین اگلے حصے میں مدرراج کے چلائے ہوئے وہ تیر اس قدر گھنی لڑی میں برستے تھے کہ ٹڈی دل کے جھنڈ کی مانند دکھائی دیتے تھے۔

तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शराःarrows
शराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मद्रराजेनby the king of Madra
मद्रराजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रेषिताःsent, discharged
प्रेषिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-इष्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
रणमूर्धनिon the battlefield (lit. on the battle-front/head)
रणमूर्धनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणमूर्धन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सम्पतन्तःfalling down, swooping down
सम्पतन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-पत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
समequally, altogether
सम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
दृश्यन्तेare seen, appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
शलभानाम्of locusts
शलभानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशलभ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
व्रजाःswarms, multitudes
व्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
मद्रराज (Madrarāja—Śalya)
शर (arrows)
रणमूर्धन् (battlefront)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a vivid simile to convey how concentrated martial force can overwhelm a battlefield. Implicitly, it invites reflection on the ethical gravity of warfare: even when undertaken as kṣatriya-dharma, violence manifests as a destructive flood that demands sobriety and responsibility.

Sañjaya describes the battle scene: the king of Madra (Śalya) shoots arrows at the battlefront, and their massed descent appears like swarms of locusts, emphasizing the intensity and volume of his attack.