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Shloka 346

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

अयोधयन्‌ धर्मराजं मद्रराजपुरस्कृता: । तत्पश्चात्‌ कृपाचार्य, कृतवर्मा और महारथी शकुनि मद्रराज शल्यको आगे करके धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरसे युद्ध करने लगे

sañjaya uvāca | ayodhayann dharmarājaṃ madrarāja-puraskṛtāḥ | tataḥ paścāt kṛpācāryaḥ kṛtavarmā ca mahārathī śakuniḥ madrarājaṃ śalyam agre kṛtvā dharmarājaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram yoddhuṃ pracakramuḥ |

سنجے نے کہا—پھر مدر کے راجا کو آگے رکھ کر انہوں نے دھرم راج سے جنگ چھیڑی۔ اس کے بعد آچاریہ کرِپ، کِرتَوَرما اور مہارتھی شکُنی—مدر راجا شلیہ کو پیشِ صف رکھ کر—دھرم راج یُدھشٹھِر پر چڑھ آئے اور اس سے لڑنے لگے۔

अयोधयन्they fought (made fight)
अयोधयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मराजम्Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मद्रराजपुरस्कृताःhaving the king of Madra in front / led by the Madra-king
मद्रराजपुरस्कृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमद्रराजपुरस्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्then/thereafter (that)
तत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
कृपाचार्यःKṛpa, the teacher
कृपाचार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृपाचार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतवर्माKṛtavarmā
कृतवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथीthe great chariot-warrior
महारथी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शकुनिःŚakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra (Śalya)
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शल्यकम्Śalya (as leader/foremost)
शल्यकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशल्यक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अग्रेin front
अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्र
कृत्वाhaving made/placing
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
धर्मराजम्Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चक्रुःthey did/made
चक्रुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
M
Madrarāja Śalya
K
Kṛpācārya (Kṛpa)
K
Kṛtavarmā
Ś
Śakuni
M
Madra

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the moral tension of war: even those associated with learning and seniority (like Kṛpa) participate in violent conflict under political allegiance. It also emphasizes how leadership and formation (placing Śalya in front) shape the ethical and strategic dynamics of battle against Dharmarāja, the figure identified with righteousness.

Sañjaya reports that the Kaurava-side warriors—Kṛpa, Kṛtavarmā, and Śakuni—advance to fight Yudhiṣṭhira. They do so with Śalya, king of Madra, positioned as the foremost leader of their assault.