Shloka 83

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ

Devanagari script

अध्यूढायाश्व यद्‌ दुःखं साक्षिभिविहतस्य च । एतानि वै समान्याहुर्दु:खानि त्रिदिवेश्वरा:

Transliteration

adhyūḍhāyāśva yad duḥkhaṃ sākṣibhivihatasya ca | etāni vai samāny āhur duḥkhāni tridiveśvarāḥ ||

Translation

کاشیپ نے کہا—اس عورت کی اذیت جسے زبردستی (دلہن بنا کر) لے جایا گیا ہو، اور اس شخص کا کرب جسے گواہوں کے سامنے ذلیل/مغلوب کیا گیا ہو—آسمان کے ارباب کہتے ہیں کہ یہ دکھ اپنی ماہیت میں یکساں ہیں۔

Word by Word

अध्यूढायाःof one who has been mounted (i.e., of a rider/one seated on a horse)

अश्वO horse

यत्which/that

दुःखम्sorrow, suffering

साक्षिभिःby witnesses

विहतस्यof one who has been struck/defeated/repulsed

चand

एतानिthese

वैindeed

समानिequal, alike

आहुःthey say/call

दुःखानिsufferings

त्रिदिवेश्वराःthe lords of heaven (gods)

Speaker

कश्यप उवाच

Characters & Entities

क

कश्यप (Kāśyapa)

त

त्रिदिवेश्वराः (the gods / lords of heaven)

स

साक्षि (witnesses)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Publicly witnessed injustice and the violation of a woman through forcible taking are both presented as grievous harms; the verse stresses that certain wrongs are intrinsically comparable in moral weight because they destroy dignity, safety, and social trust.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kāśyapa is speaking in a didactic context, classifying and comparing kinds of suffering recognized by higher authorities (the gods), to underline how serious these forms of wrongdoing are within dharma discourse.