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Shloka 41

पुनर्द्यूत-समाह्वानम्

Renewed Summons to the Dice-Game and Exile Wager

द्रोणस्य भीष्मस्य च नास्ति सत्त्व॑ क्षत्तुस्तथैवास्य महात्मनोडपि । राज्ञस्तथा हीममधर्ममुग्रं न लक्षयन्ते कुरुवृद्धमुख्या:,जान पढ़ता है द्रोणाचार्य, पितामह भीष्म, महात्मा विदुर तथा राजा धृतराष्ट्रमें अब कोई शक्ति नहीं रह गयी है; तभी तो ये कुरुवंशके, बड़े-बूढ़े महापुरुष राजा दुर्योधनके इस भयानक पापाचारकी ओर दृष्टिपात नहीं कर रहे हैं

droṇasya bhīṣmasya ca nāsti sattvaṃ kṣattuḥ tathaivāsya mahātmano 'pi | rājñas tathā hīmam adharmaṃ ugraṃ na lakṣayante kuru-vṛddha-mukhyāḥ ||

دروṇ اور بھیشم میں اب عمل کی قوت باقی نہیں رہی؛ اسی طرح اُس مہاتما کَشَتّر (ودُر) اور راجا دھرتراشٹر میں بھی نہیں۔ اسی لیے کوروؤں کے سرکردہ بزرگ اس ہولناک، بدن کو سرد کر دینے والے سخت اَدھرم—اس شدید بدکرداری—کی طرف توجہ نہیں دیتے۔

द्रोणस्यof Drona
द्रोणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भीष्मस्यof Bhishma
भीष्मस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्त्वम्strength; vigor; power
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्तुःof the chamberlain (Vidura)
क्षत्तुः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्तृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाlikewise; so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अस्यof him/this (person)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
महात्मनःof the great-souled one
महात्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधर्मम्unrighteousness; wrongdoing
अधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्terrible; fierce
उग्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लक्षयन्तेthey notice; they observe
लक्षयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
कुरु-वृद्ध-मुख्याःthe chief elders among the Kurus
कुरु-वृद्ध-मुख्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुख्य (कुरु + वृद्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Droṇa
B
Bhīṣma
V
Vidura (Kṣattṛ)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kuru elders
D
Duryodhana (implied by context of adharma)

Educational Q&A

When elders and authorities lose moral courage (sattva) and fail to restrain wrongdoing, adharma spreads unchecked; ethical responsibility includes the duty to recognize and oppose injustice, not merely to possess status or wisdom.

The narrator observes that key Kuru authorities—Droṇa, Bhīṣma, Vidura, and King Dhṛtarāṣṭra—are unable or unwilling to act decisively, and thus the Kuru elders do not confront the terrifying adharma unfolding in the court, associated with Duryodhana’s conduct.