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Shloka 7

अध्याय ६६: पुनर्द्यूत-प्रस्तावः

Proposal for a Renewed Dice Game

समुच्चरन्त्यतिवादाश्न वक्‍त्राद्‌ यैराहत: शोचति रात्र्यहानि । परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति तान्‌ पण्डितो नावसूजेत्‌ परेषु,मुँहसे जो कटु वचनरूपी बाण निकलते हैं, उनसे आहत हुआ मनुष्य रात-दिन शोक और चिन्तामें डूबा रहता है। वे दूसरेके मर्मपर ही आघात करते हैं; अतः विद्वान्‌ पुरुषको दूसरोंके प्रति निष्ठुर वचनोंका प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिये

samuccaranty ativādāś ca vaktrād yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni | parasya nāmarmasu te patanti tān paṇḍito nāvasūjet pareṣu ||

منہ سے نکلنے والے سخت اور حد سے بڑھے ہوئے الفاظ تیر کی طرح لگتے ہیں؛ ان سے زخمی آدمی رات دن غم میں ڈوبا رہتا ہے۔ یہ باتیں دوسروں کے مَرم (نازک مقام) پر ہی گرتی ہیں؛ اس لیے دانا کو کسی کے ساتھ سنگدل زبان استعمال نہیں کرنی چاہیے۔

समुच्चरन्तिthey utter / they speak out
समुच्चरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+उद्+चर्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
अतिवादाःharsh/overbearing words (abusive speeches)
अतिवादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिवाद
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वक्त्रात्from the mouth
वक्त्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवक्त्र
Formneuter, ablative, singular
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
आहतःstruck, wounded
आहतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ+हन्
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
रात्रिnight
रात्रि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
अहानिdays
अहानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
Formneuter, accusative, plural
परस्यof another (person)
परस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
नामindeed / as it were (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
मर्मसुin the vital spots / sensitive points
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, plural
तेthey (those words)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पतन्तिfall (upon), strike
पतन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (words/people)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
पण्डितःa wise man
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवसूयेत्should not revile / should not speak spitefully
अवसूयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअव+सूय्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
परेषुtowards others / among others
परेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine, locative, plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Speech can wound like a weapon; because harsh words strike others at their most sensitive points and cause lasting grief, the wise practice restraint and avoid cruel or contemptuous language.

In the Sabha Parva’s counsel-context, Vidura is instructing on righteous conduct (nīti), emphasizing ethical speech and the social harm caused by abusive or excessive verbal attacks.