Shloka 3

Dyūta-āhvāna: Śakuni’s Proposal, Vidura’s Warning, and the Summons of Yudhiṣṭhira

Sabhā-parva 51

Devanagari script

ऑऔर्णान्‌ बैलान्‌ वार्षदंशान्‌ जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्‌ । प्रावाराजिनमुख्यांश्व॒ काम्बोज: प्रददौ बहून्‌

Transliteration

duryodhana uvāca | aurnān bailān vārṣadaṃśān jātarūpapariṣkṛtān | prāvārājinamukhyāṃś ca kāmbojaḥ pradadau bahūn |

Translation

کَمبوج کے راجا نے بھیڑ کی اون وغیرہ سے بنے ہوئے، سونے سے آراستہ و پیراستہ، عمدہ چادریں اور اَجِن (چمڑے) سمیت بہت سے نفیس لباس نذر کیے۔

Word by Word

• और्णान्: woollen
• और्णान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: और्ण (ऊन-सम्बन्धिन्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• बैलान्: blankets/coverlets (baila)
• बैलान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बैल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• वार्षदंशान्: rain-proof garments / rain-cloaks
• वार्षदंशान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार्षदंश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्: adorned/finished with gold
• जातरूपपरिष्कृतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जातरूप-परिष्कृत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रावाराजिनमुख्यान्: chiefly cloaks and skins (prāvara and ajina, etc.)
• प्रावाराजिनमुख्यान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रावार-अजिन-मुख्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• काम्बोजः: the Kamboja (king/people of Kamboja)
• काम्बोजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम्बोज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रददौ: gave
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (ददाति)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बहून्: many
• बहून्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Kāmboja (king/people)
• gold (jātarūpa)
• garments/robes (prāvāra)
• animal-skin garments (ajina)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how royal power is reinforced through tribute and luxury; ethically, it invites reflection on attachment to wealth and prestige, which in the Sabha narrative becomes a backdrop for later moral collapse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana is describing the valuable gifts brought by the Kāmboja ruler—especially gold-adorned garments and coverings—within the grand accounting of offerings in the royal assembly.