Shloka 3

Adhyāya 33: Antarvedī-Samāgama, Arghya-Nirṇaya, and Śiśupāla’s Objection

Devanagari script

सर्वारम्भा: सुप्रवृत्ता गोरक्षा कर्षणं वणिक्‌ । विशेषात्‌ सर्वमेवैतत्‌ संजज्ञे राजकर्मण:

Transliteration

sarvārambhāḥ supravṛttā gorakṣā karṣaṇaṁ vaṇik | viśeṣāt sarvam evैतat saṁjajñe rājakarmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

گائے کی حفاظت، کھیتی باڑی اور تجارت وغیرہ کے سبھی کام خوش اسلوبی سے پھلنے پھولنے لگے۔ خصوصاً بادشاہ کی منظم کارگزاری ہی کے سبب یہ سب کچھ بہترین طور پر انجام پاتا تھا۔

Word by Word

• सर्वारम्भाः: all undertakings (works begun on all sides)
• सर्वारम्भाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वारम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुप्रवृत्ताः: well set in motion / proceeding well
• सुप्रवृत्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुप्रवृत्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गोरक्षा: protection of cows
• गोरक्षा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोरक्षा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• कर्षणम्: ploughing / cultivation
• कर्षणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्षण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वणिक्: trade / merchant activity
• वणिक्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वणिज्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विशेषात्: especially; in particular
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विशेष
• Form: true

• सर्वम्: all (this)
• सर्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed; just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: true

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• संजज्ञे: came to be / arose / happened
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

• राजकर्मणः: from the king's administration / royal governance
• राजकर्मणः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजकर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• the king (rājā)
• cattle (go)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that effective kingship (rājakarma/rāja-dharma in action) is the foundation of public welfare: when the ruler maintains order and proper administration, agriculture, cattle-protection, and commerce thrive, benefiting the whole society.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a period of well-being in the kingdom: various economic and social activities—especially cattle-rearing/protection, farming, and trade—are running smoothly, attributed chiefly to the king’s sound governance.