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Shloka 293

कर्णवधोत्तरं शल्य-दुर्योधनसंवादः

Aftermath of Karṇa’s Fall: Śalya’s Address to Duryodhana

तत्‌ ते श्रेयो राजपुत्राभविष्य- न्न चेत्‌ संग्रामादपयानं दुरात्मन्‌ । “दुरात्मा राजपुत्र! यदि तुम पाँचवें महीनेमें माताके गर्भसे गिर गये होते अथवा माता कुन्तीके अत्यन्त कष्टदायक गर्भमें आये ही नहीं होते तो वह तुम्हारे लिये अच्छा होता; क्योंकि उस दशामें तुम्हें युद्धलोे भाग आनेका कलंक तो नहीं प्राप्त होता

tat te śreyo rājaputrābhaviṣyan na cet saṅgrāmād apayānaṁ durātman

سنجے نے کہا—اے شہزادے! یہی تیرے لیے بہتر ہے؛ اور اگر تو واقعی بھلائی کا انتخاب نہیں کرتا، اے بدباطن، تو جنگ سے پیچھے نہ ہٹ۔

तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेfor you / your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
श्रेयःbetter; welfare
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजपुत्रO prince
राजपुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभविष्यत्would be / would have been
अभविष्यत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormConditional (Potential past; lṛṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
संग्रामात्from battle
संग्रामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपयानम्withdrawal; retreat
अपयानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपयान
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
दुरात्मन्O evil-minded one
दुरात्मन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rājaputra (the addressed prince)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts śreyas (the truly beneficial, morally right course) with apayāna (retreat). In the epic’s kṣatriya-ethic, abandoning the fight—especially when duty calls—is treated as dishonor and a lapse in dharma.

Sañjaya reports a harsh admonition directed at a prince on the battlefield, warning him that if he will not choose the better path, he must not turn away from combat; the speech functions to shame and restrain any impulse to flee.