Shloka 30

अर्जुनस्य शीघ्रप्रयाणं भीम-शकुनियुद्धं च

Arjuna’s Rapid Advance and the Bhīma–Śakuni Encounter

Devanagari script

तस्य ते5शो भयन्‌ वक्‍त्र॑ कर्मारपरिमार्जिता:

Transliteration

tasya te 'śo bhayan vaktraṁ karmāraparimārjitāḥ

Translation

سنجے نے کہا—خوف سے سکیڑے ہوئے چہرے میں اس کے دانت، لوہار کے تازہ صیقل کیے ہوئے دھات کی سی سخت چمک کے ساتھ دمک رہے تھے۔

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, dative, singular

• अशो: horse
• अशो: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• भयन्: fearing
• भयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular

• वक्त्र: face/mouth
• वक्त्र: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वक्त्र
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कर्मार-परिमार्जिताः: polished/cleaned by a blacksmith (i.e., by a file/abrasion)
• कर्मार-परिमार्जिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-मृज् (धातु) / परिमार्जित (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• a smith (karmāra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how fear and moral strain in war surface outwardly; inner states—courage, dread, resolve—are not merely private but become visible, reminding the listener that ethical pressure tests the whole person.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a warrior’s fear through a vivid simile: the teeth gleam like metal polished by a smith, emphasizing the intensity of the moment on the battlefield.