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Shloka 19

अर्जुनस्य द्रोणिप्रतिघातः कर्णोपसर्पणं च

Arjuna Checks Droṇaputra; Karṇa Advances

पृष्ठगोप्ता तु कर्णस्य ज्येष्ठ; ओ महारथ: । वृषसेन: स्वयं कर्ण पृष्ठत: पर्यपालयत्‌

pṛṣṭhagoptā tu karṇasya jyeṣṭhaḥ, o mahārathaḥ | vṛṣasenaḥ svayaṃ karṇa pṛṣṭhataḥ paryapālayat |

سنجے نے کہا—اے مہارتھیوں میں برتر! کرن کا بڑا بیٹا مہارتھی ورشسین خود کرن کے پیچھے رہ کر پشت سے آنے والے حملوں کو روکتا اور اس کی حفاظت کرتا تھا۔

पृष्ठगोप्ताrear-guard/protector of the back
पृष्ठगोप्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृष्ठगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कर्णस्यof Karna
कर्णस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest/senior
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृषसेनःVrishasena
वृषसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृषसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/at the rear
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः
पर्यपालयत्protected/guarded
पर्यपालयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
कर्ण (Karna)
वृषसेन (Vṛṣasena)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya discipline and loyalty: protection of one’s leader and kin is not merely affection but a battlefield duty. Vṛṣasena’s personal rear-guard role embodies steadfast service and responsibility under danger.

Sañjaya describes the battle formation around Karna: his eldest son Vṛṣasena takes position behind him as a dedicated rear-guard, ensuring Karna is not struck from the back while engaged with enemies in front.