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Shloka 34

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

इज्ितज्ञाश्व मगधा:ः प्रेक्षितज्ञाक्ष कोसला:

ijitayajñāśva-magadhāḥ prekṣitayajñākṣa-kosalāḥ | magadhadeśake lokā īśāreṇaiva sarvaṃ vākyārthaṃ budhyante | kosalanivāsinaḥ netrayoḥ bhāvabhaṅgyā manobhāvaṃ jānanti | kuru-pāñcāladeśakāḥ ardhaṃ vacanaṃ uktamātreṇaiva pūrṇārthaṃ gṛhṇanti | śālvadeśanivāsinaḥ sarvaṃ vacanaṃ uktvāpi tadā budhyante | kintu śibideśīyānām iva parvatīya-prāntanivāsinaḥ sarvebhyaḥ vilakṣaṇāḥ | te sarvaṃ vacanaṃ uktvāpi na budhyante ||

کرن نے کہا—مگدھ کے لوگ محض اشارے سے بات سمجھ لیتے ہیں؛ کوسل کے باشندے آنکھوں کی جنبش و ادا سے دل کا حال جان لیتے ہیں۔ کورو اور پانچال آدھی بات کہنے پر بھی پوری مراد پا لیتے ہیں؛ شالْو والے پوری بات کہے جانے پر ہی سمجھتے ہیں۔ مگر پہاڑی سرحدوں کے لوگ—شیبیوں کی مانند—سب سے نرالے ہیں: سب کچھ کہہ دینے پر بھی نہیں سمجھتے۔

इजितज्ञाःthose who understand by gestures/signs
इजितज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइजितज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मगधाःMagadhas (people of Magadha)
मगधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमगध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रेक्षितज्ञाःthose who understand by looks/eye-signs
प्रेक्षितज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेक्षितज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कोसलाःKosalas (people of Kosala)
कोसलाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोसल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
M
Magadha
K
Kosala
K
Kuru
P
Panchala
S
Shalva
S
Shibi
M
mountain-border regions (parvatīya prānta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights gradations of comprehension—some grasp meaning from hints or expressions, others need full explanation, and some fail even then—implying that effective counsel and strategy depend on knowing the listener’s capacity to understand.

Karna is speaking and characterizing different peoples by how quickly they understand speech and signs, using these comparisons to make a pointed remark about comprehension (and lack of it) among certain groups.