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Shloka 18

कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः

Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge

अथवा दुष्कृतस्य त्वं हर्ता तेषामरक्षिता । रक्षिता पुण्यभाग्‌ राजा प्रजानां त्वं हपुण्यभाक्‌

athavā duṣkṛtasya tvaṁ hartā teṣām arakṣitā | rakṣitā puṇyabhāg rājā prajānāṁ tvaṁ ha-puṇyabhāk ||

یا پھر، اگر تم ان کی حفاظت نہیں کرتے تو تم ان کے بداعمالی کے لینے والے اور انہیں بے نگہبان چھوڑنے والے ٹھہرتے ہو۔ رعایا کی حفاظت کرنے والا راجا ہی ان کے ثواب میں شریک ہوتا ہے؛ مگر تم حفاظت سے غفلت کر کے صرف گناہ میں شریک بنتے ہو۔

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
दुष्कृतस्यof sin/evil deed
दुष्कृतस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
हर्ताtaker/appropriator (one who takes)
हर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormGenitive, Plural
अरक्षिताnon-protector / one who does not protect
अरक्षिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्ष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle with privative a- (a-rakṣita) used substantively
रक्षिताprotector
रक्षिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्ष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, agent noun (rakṣitṛ) / protector (used as nominative singular)
पुण्यभाग्sharing in merit (having a share of पुण्य)
पुण्यभाग्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्यभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजानाम्of the subjects/people
प्रजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अपुण्यभाग्sharing in demerit (having a share of sin)
अपुण्यभाग्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपुण्यभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
R
rājā (the king/ruler)
P
prajāḥ (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches rājadharma: a ruler’s moral accountability is tied to protection. Protecting subjects makes the king a participant in their merit, while neglecting protection makes him liable for their wrongdoing and the resulting demerit.

Karna is admonishing a ruler/opponent in the context of wartime counsel and moral argument, stressing that kingship is justified by safeguarding the people; failure to protect turns authority into culpability.