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Shloka 18

Karna Reproves Shalya; Brahmin Reports on Bāhlīkas; Shalya’s Universalizing Rebuttal (कर्ण–शल्य संवादः)

कथं वैकर्तन: कर्णस्तत्रायुध्यत संजय । कथं च पाण्डवा: सर्वे युयुधुस्तत्र सूतजम्‌,संजय! सेनाको शिविरकी ओर लौटानेके बाद जब रात बीती और प्रातःकाल पुनः संग्राम आरम्भ हुआ, उस समय वैकर्तन कर्णने वहाँ किस प्रकार युद्ध किया तथा समस्त पाण्डवोंने सूतपुत्र कर्णके साथ किस प्रकार युद्ध आरम्भ किया?

sañjaya uvāca |

kathaṃ vaikartanaḥ karṇas tatrāyudhyata sañjaya |

kathaṃ ca pāṇḍavāḥ sarve yuyudhus tatra sūtajam, sañjaya ||

دھرتراشٹر نے کہا—اے سنجے! وہاں ویکرتن کرن کس طرح لڑ رہا تھا؟ اور وہاں تمام پانڈو سوتج کرن کے خلاف کس انداز سے برسرِ پیکار ہوئے؟

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
FormAvyaya
वैकर्तनःVaikartana (Karna)
वैकर्तनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैकर्तन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAvyaya
अयुध्यतfought
अयुध्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
FormAvyaya
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युयुधुःfought
युयुधुः:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAvyaya
सूतजम्the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूतज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa (Vaikartana, Sūtaja)
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds how identity and social labels (Vaikartana, Sūtaja) frame perceptions in war, while the narrative focus remains on conduct and prowess in battle—inviting reflection on honor and judgment beyond birth-based epithets.

Sañjaya introduces a report of renewed fighting: he is asked to describe how Karṇa fought on the battlefield and how the Pāṇḍavas collectively engaged him when the battle resumed.