Shloka 30

काकोपमोपदेशः

The Crow-and-Swan Exemplum as Counsel to Karṇa

Devanagari script

तमुद्यतगं दृष्टवा दण्डहस्तमिवान्तकम्‌,दण्डधारी यमराजके समान उसे गदा उठाये देख धर्मराजने आपके उस पुत्रपर अत्यन्त वेगशालिनी महाशक्तिका प्रहार किया, जो प्रज्वलित हुई बड़ी भारी उल्काके समान देदीप्यमान हो रही थी

Transliteration

tam udyataṃ dṛṣṭvā daṇḍahastam ivāntakam | daṇḍadhārī yamarājaka-samaḥ sa gadām udyamya dṛṣṭaḥ | dharmarājena ca tava putre ’tyanta-vegaśālinī mahāśaktir nipātitā | sā prajvalitā guru-ulkā-samā dīpyamānā babhūva ||

Translation

سنجے نے کہا—اسے گدا اٹھائے ہوئے دیکھ کر، گویا دَند ہاتھ میں لیے اَنتک، یمراج کے مانند کھڑا ہو، دھرم راج نے تمہارے اسی بیٹے پر نہایت تیز رفتار مہا شکتی ہتھیار کا وار کیا۔ وہ شعلہ زن، بھاری شہابِ ثاقب کی طرح درخشاں ہو کر اپنے ہدف کی طرف لپکی۔

Word by Word

• तम्: him/that one
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उद्यतगम्: moving/advancing with raised (weapon)
• उद्यतगम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्यतग (उद्यत + ग)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• दण्डहस्तम्: one whose hand holds a staff
• दण्डहस्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दण्डहस्त (दण्ड + हस्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अन्तकम्: Death (Yama)
• अन्तकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दण्डधारी: staff-bearing
• दण्डधारी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दण्डधारिन् (दण्ड + धारिन्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यमराजके: in/like Yamaraja (as Yama)
• यमराजके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमराजक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• समान: equal/similar
• समान: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उसे: that (him)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (हिन्दी रूप)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present in given text

• गदा: mace
• गदा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उठाये: having lifted/raising
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था/उत्-हृ (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present in given text

• देख: seeing
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present in given text

• धर्मराजने: by Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)
• धर्मराजने: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज (हिन्दी विभक्ति सहित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) instrumental/ergative marker '-ने' present

• आपके: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) genitive form present

• उस: that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present

• पुत्रपर: upon the son
• पुत्रपर: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (हिन्दी postposition सहित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) postposition '-पर' present

• अत्यन्त: exceedingly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यन्त

• वेगशालिनी: very swift/impetuous
• वेगशालिनी: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वेगशालिन्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• महाशक्तिकाः: of the great spear/energy-weapon
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाशक्ति (महा + शक्ति)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Singular

• प्रहारम्: a blow/strike
• प्रहारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• किया: did/made
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) past form present

• यः: which/who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रज्वलितः: blazing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-√ज्वल्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बड़ी: great/large
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहत् (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present

• भारी: heavy/massive
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु/भारिन् (हिन्दी/मिश्रित)
• Form: Non-Sanskrit (Hindi) form present

• उल्कायाः: of a meteor/firebrand
• Type: Noun
• Root: उल्का
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Singular

• समानम्: similar to
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• देदिप्यमानः: shining brilliantly
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीप्
• Form: शानच् (present participle, parasmaipada sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: was/became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your son')
• tava putra (a Kaurava prince; unspecified here)
• Yamarāja (Yama)
• Antaka (Death)
• gadā (mace)
• daṇḍa (staff/rod of punishment)
• mahāśakti (great śakti weapon)
• ulkā (meteor)