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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 10: Śrutakarmā’s Engagements; Prativindhya–Citra Duel; Drauṇi Advances toward Bhīma

ततो दुर्योधन: प्रीतः प्रियं श्रुत्वास्य तद्‌ वच: । प्रीतिसत्कारसंयुक्त तथ्यमात्महितं शुभम्‌

tato duryodhanaḥ prītaḥ priyaṃ śrutvāsya tad vacaḥ | prītisatkārasaṃyuktaṃ tathyam ātmahitaṃ śubham |

سنجے نے کہا—تب دُریودھن اُس کے خوشگوار کلمات سن کر نہایت مسرور ہوا۔ بھیشم اور درون کے مارے جانے کے بعد کرن پانڈوؤں پر فتح پائے گا—اس امید کو دل میں بسا کر اسے بڑی تسلی ملی۔ پھر اپنے بازوؤں کی قوت پر بھروسا کر کے دل کو سنبھالا، اور رادھیہ کرن سے محبت و تعظیم کے ساتھ اپنے حق میں سچے، مفید اور مبارک کلمات کہے۔

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रीतःpleased, delighted
प्रीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, past passive participle (kta) from √प्री (to please)
प्रियम्dear, pleasing (thing/word)
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
Formneuter, accusative, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा) from √श्रु (to hear)
अस्यof him, his
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वचःspeech, word
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
प्रीतिसत्कारसंयुक्तःaccompanied by affection and honor
प्रीतिसत्कारसंयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीतिसत्कारसंयुक्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, kta from √युज् (to join), with instrumental-tatpurusha sense: 'joined with X'
तथ्यम्true, factual
तथ्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतथ्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
आत्महितम्beneficial to oneself
आत्महितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्महित
Formneuter, accusative, singular
शुभम्auspicious, good
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भरतनन्दनO descendant/delighter of Bharata!
भरतनन्दन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतनन्दन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
A
Aśvatthāman
K
Karṇa (Rādhāputra)
B
Bhīṣma
D
Droṇācārya
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the power of speech: words that are pleasing yet also truthful and ‘auspicious’ can stabilize a leader’s mind. At the same time, it subtly exposes an ethical tension—Duryodhana’s ‘self-benefit’ (ātmahita) is pursued within a destructive war, showing how persuasive counsel may reinforce questionable aims.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana becomes pleased after hearing agreeable words (contextually from Aśvatthāman) and then, with affection and honor, addresses Karṇa. The prose context explains that Duryodhana is comforted by the hope that Karṇa will defeat the Pāṇḍavas after Bhīṣma and Droṇa have fallen.