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Shloka 13

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

सम्बन्ध-- पहले शलोकमें अर्जुनने संन्यास और त्यागका तत्त्व अलग-अलग जाननेकी इच्छा प्रकट की थी। उसका उत्तर देते हुए भगवान्‌ने दूसरे और तीसरे *लोकोर्में इस विषयपर विद्वानोंके भिन्न-भिन्न मत बतलाकर अपने मतके अनुसार चौथे शलोकसे बारहवें #लोकतक त्यागका यानी कर्मयोगका तत्त्व भलीभॉति समझाया: अब संनन्‍्यासका यानी सांख्ययोगका तत्त्व समझानेके लिये पहले सांख्य-सिद्धान्तके अनुसार कर्मोकी सिद्धिगें पॉच हेतु बतलाते हैं-- पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे । सांख्ये कृतान्तेः प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम्‌रँ

pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me | sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarva-karmaṇām ||

خداوندِ برتر نے فرمایا— اے قوی بازو! مجھ سے ان پانچ اسباب کو جان لو۔ سانکھیا کے قطعی فیصلے میں یہی ہر عمل کی تکمیل کے اسباب بتائے گئے ہیں۔

पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
Form—, Nominative, Plural
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कारणानिcauses
कारणानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
निबोधknow; understand
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सांख्येin Sāṅkhya (doctrine)
सांख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृतान्तेin the settled conclusion / established doctrine
कृतान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रोक्तानिdeclared; stated
प्रोक्तानि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
सिद्धयेfor the accomplishment
सिद्धये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धि
FormFeminine, Dative, Singular
सर्वकर्मणाम्of all actions
सर्वकर्मणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
Bhagavan (Krishna)
S
Sankhya

Educational Q&A

Krishna introduces the Sāṅkhya analysis of action by stating that every action is accomplished through five causal factors, shifting attention away from simplistic self-blame or egoic doership toward a structured understanding of causality and responsibility.

After clarifying the nature of tyāga (disciplined relinquishment in action), Krishna begins explaining saṃnyāsa/Sāṅkhya-oriented insight by first listing the causal bases that underlie the completion of any deed, continuing his instruction to Arjuna on the battlefield.