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Shloka 14

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय 18: सेनानिनादः, ध्वज-दीप्तिः, भीष्मरक्षण-व्यवस्था च

Battle Muster: Soundscape, Banners, and the Protection of Bhīṣma

द्वादशैते जनपदा: सर्वे शूरास्तनुत्यज: । महता रथवंशेन ते ररक्षु: पितामहम्‌,अभीषाह, शूरसेन, शिबि, वसाति, शाल्व, मत्स्य, अम्बष्ठ, त्रिगर्त, केकय, सौवीर, कैतव तथा पूर्व, पश्चिम एवं उत्तर प्रदेशके निवासी--इन बारह जनपदोंके समस्त शूरवीर अपना शरीर निछावर करनेको उद्यत होकर विशाल रथसमुदायके द्वारा पितामह भीष्मकी रक्षा कर रहे थे

dvādaśaite janapadāḥ sarve śūrās tanutyajaḥ | mahatā rathavaṁśena te rarakṣuḥ pitāmaham ||

ان بارہ ریاستوں کے سبھی سورما، جان نچھاور کرنے کو آمادہ ہو کر، رتھوں کے عظیم ہجوم کے ساتھ پِتامہ بھیشم کی حفاظت پر ڈٹے ہوئے تھے۔

द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनपदाःcountries/kingdoms
जनपदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूराःheroes/warriors
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तनु-त्यजःready to give up their bodies (life-sacrificing)
तनु-त्यजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतनुत्यज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महताby/with a great
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
रथ-वंशेनby a mass/lineage (array) of chariots
रथ-वंशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथवंश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ररक्षुःprotected/guarded
ररक्षुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
पितामहम्the grandsire (Bhīṣma)
पितामहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
T
twelve janapadas (twelve realms/peoples)
C
chariots (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the warrior-ethic of steadfast commitment: many peoples unite to protect their commander, accepting personal death as the cost of loyalty and duty. It also implicitly raises the Mahābhārata’s larger question—how such virtues operate when the moral clarity of the war is complex.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a large coalition of warriors from twelve realms has formed a massive chariot-array to guard Bhīṣma, the Kaurava commander, emphasizing the scale of his protection on the battlefield.